Lesson 2: Food - Matter and Energy

Organisms We Saw:

Plants:

• Trees 
• ​Grass
• Flowers
• Bushes

​Plants Need:

• Carbon Dioxide
• Water
• Sunlight 
• Soil - Nutrients
• Nitrogen
• Phosphorus  
• Potassium - These Minerals Are Needed For The Plant To Grow
• Carbon

​Where do they get the things they need?:

• Plants get water from their roots and soil
• Oxygen comes from the air
• Light comes from lights from inside or the sunlight
  

Animals:

• Pill Bugs
• Birds
• People
• ​Squirrel - Food, Water
• Worms
• Centipede

​Animals need:

• Oxygen
• Water
• Shelter - Warmth
• ​Food - Carbon
• ​Sleep
  

Questions With My Partner:

On the human food label:

1. How do we find the energy (calories) per serving?
2. How do we find the matter (carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, minerals)?
3. Where can we locate the list of ingredients?

On the pet food label:

1. Where can we locate the list of ingredients?
2. How do we find the percentage of different types of matter in the food?
   

On the human food label:

1. You find where on the label it says calories per serving and then read it.
2. You can read the label and find where it says total carbohydrates to find how many carbohydrates there are. You would look next to protein to find how much protein it has, total fat for how much fat it has and at the bottom of the label but above where it says "Percent Daily Values" you could find all the vitamins and minerals.
   

On the pet food label:

1. At the top of the label is where all the ingredients are listed.
   
2. Look at the bottom of the label to find the percentages of matter the food has.
   

Reflection:

1. As a result of looking at food labels, what did you learn about food?
2. Look at the ingredients of one human food label. Write down the food name. What ingredients came from animals?
3. What ingredients in the above food label came from plants?
4. What similarities and differences did you notice between the human food and pet food labels you looked at?
5. Choose an animal/insect from the ecosystem walk. What do you think it eats? Explain what you think it gets from its food.
   

1. I learned that there are a lot of vitamins and minerals in the food we eat as well as sodium.
   
2. I think the food is ketchup, tomato paste or tomato sauce. None of the ingredients came from animals.
   
3. All of the ingredients came from plants except water! Tomato puree comes from a tomato plant, sugar comes from sugar cane, carrot fiber comes from carrots, and so on.
   
4. The human food label had normal food, but the pet food label had a bunch of big words and minerals. One similarity I noticed is that they had calcium in the percentages. But most of the things were different. 
   
5. I chose a bird. I think a bird eats insects/bugs and worms also maybe seeds and bird feed. Since some bugs eat plants I think that the bird would get a lot of calories from the bug.
   

1. What does food provide to animals, including humans?
2. Do the pet food and human food have the same nutrients? In what ways are they different?
3. Does a higher calorie count mean a food is better for pets to eat? What makes pet owners think that?
4. What is it in food that helps us repair our bodies and grow?
5. What in food helps us move and stay warm?
6. In what way does energy transfer when animals eat food?
7. Look at the nutrition label below for milk. How much energy is in the food?
8. What matter is in the food?
   

1. Food provides humans and animals with energy. That energy gives us warmth, body repair, motion and growth. But if you break it down even more you see that, calories allow you to grow, and nutrients give you the energy.
2. They have some of the same nutrients but mostly have and need different nutrients. The human food label has many different categories that the pet food label. 
3. Maybe pet owners think that more calories will keep their pet up and running longer. Or maybe pets just need more calories. 
4. The matter in food is what helps us repair our bodies and grow.
5. Energy is what keeps us warm and able to move.
6. When a animal eat something, it stores away about a tenth of the calories they gain. And when a predator eats them they get those calories. So top predators need to eat a to of prey.
7. There are 160 calories per serving. One serving is a cup, so if you drink two cups you will get double the energy.
8. The matter is calcium. So since milk has calcium you will grow in result of drinking the milk.