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Super Volcanoes with Richard Chapman

10/28/2014

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  • Over 1,500 active volcanoes in the world with lots of heat activity
  • Japan has over 100 volcanoes
  • Iceland and New Zealand use geothermal energy
  • in Japan mount Ontake erupted unexpectedly, trapped hikers and killed over 50 people
  • Geothermal energy is the heat from the Earth. Resources of geothermal energy range from the shallow ground to hot water and hot rock found a few miles beneath the Earth's surface, and down even deeper to the extremely high temperatures of molten rock called magma 
  • A volcano is a rupture in the earth that lets lava, rock fragments, hot vapor, and gas escape
  • Hydrothermal energy is the process of obtaining heat or energy from a large body of water
  • in order to be a super volcano it has to be magnitude 8 
  • Layers of the earth are inner core, outer core, lower mantle, upper mantle, and crust
  • Upper mantle also called asthenosphere
  • Magma is inside the earth, it becomes lava when it erupts out of a volcano
  • Magma chamber can be in the crust and mantle
  • it takes 4000 years for water to percolate into the ground and push back up boiling
  • Pacific ring of fire has the most volcanic activity in the world
  • The pacific plate sinks under north American plate which pulls it southwest like a vacuum
  • plate moving in Australia can make or lift mountains, earthquakes, and volcanic activity
  • In Hawaii people are leaving because a volcano has lots of activity and might erupt
  • Lava comes out top on cone and comes down,  then hardens into rock
  • There are thousand of earthquakes in Yellowstone each year, but most are so small no one notices
  • Last time Yellowstone erupted was 640,000 years ago but it is still active because it has thermal activity
  • Pompeii was covered in 16 feet of ash by Mount Vesuvius 
  • There are 7 major tectonic plates and lots of other small plates
  • When volcanoes erupt the create pyroclastic and lava flows
  • Volcanoes also create ash clouds which stops planes 
  • rocks that come out the a volcano are igneous and can be extrusive or intrusive
  • Obsidian is an extrusive volcanic rock that is like glass
  • Obsidian came out and cooled so fast it became glass like
  • Obsidian can be black brown or red
  • Obsidian is hard and is a good rock for making tools
  • Basalt is not as hard as other rocks
  • Basalt melts fast
  • Basalt is found in Hawaii
  • Rhyolite is grainy and soft
  • Granite was pushed up 2 and a half billion years ago
  • Caldera is formed when a volcano is rhyolite. It keeps pressure underneath so when it erupts it is so violent it blows the entire cone off. what is left is a hole called a caldera
  • underwater volcanoes make islands and underwater mountain ranges
  • geothermal energy melted roadways
  • places with geo energy are hard to find
  • hazardous gases and minerals can come up and are dangerous

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Art Appreciation Andy Warhol

10/21/2014

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I was absent for this assignment.
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Why do leaves change colors?

10/20/2014

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Historical Reenactment Reflection

10/9/2014

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Here is a little bit about each reenacter:

Angus McClain is a master carpenter and captain of militia. He told us about all of the weapons and other tools that people would carry with them, an also what they would use if they were out hunting or fighting in the forest. There were a lot of interesting tips he told us, like that you would never carry a frying pan and a copper pot because the noise they make would get you killed.

Joseph O'Fallon was a trapper and trader. He was a patriot that traded furs with the Indians. He told us that each fur weighed about 1 pound, and that the average fur pack weighed ninety pounds. The leading cause of death was that the fur packs were so heavy, having them around your waist would strangle your guts. To prevent this, they wore a sash to protect their guts.

Catherine duBois was a housewife. She was married to Leon duBois, who was a linen merchant. They were patriots but didn't tell people because it would hurt Leon's business. We learned that toddlers would wear the same clothes. They would wear stays with whalebone in them to help their posture.

Janette Lundahl was a spinner and weaver. She told us about different kinds of materials to spin. When you were two or three, you were given a top with a string. If you could spin it without unwinding it, you could start spinning and weaving, and then you could spin a pair of socks. If you couldn't, you didn't wear socks.

Christine MacLean was an innkeeper. She told us about what kinds of people would stay at her inn and what they had. There was a parlor for the ladies to drink tea in, and a tavern for the men to play cards and have a drink. She had a kitchen where she would cook food for everyone staying at the inn.

Peter Smith was the colonial militia head of scouts. He told that there were three things that you had to know as a scout. Who you saw, where you saw them, and when you saw them. He also told us about the things he carried. A musket and a rifle bag with bullets and other gun supplies were important. He also carried a personal bag with food, socks, and maybe a pair of sunglasses. They also carried a blanket for sleeping and also hiding.

Captain Parke was a land surveyor. He measured the land to help mapmakers and land agents that were selling the land. He was paid by the French and also the Spanish. He had a big compass and to mark the land, he used metal poles with red flags.

Charles Walker was a land agent who sold pieces of property. He told us that land speculators committed fraud in selling land, and land agents made legal deals when they were selling land.

Molly Brandt was a Native American and Head Clan mother, which was like the president. She told us that if a man killed an animal in the woods, he would have to make his wife go take it in because if he brought it in, he would have to share with everyone.

Zebadiah was a carpenter. He had 220 acres of land that he got trees from. He told us that he was taxed for every tree he cut down on his own property by the king and he couldn't cut down white oak trees. He showed us how he could shape, split, and craft boards.

Kids should be able to go to a reenactment like this because it gives kids a hands on experience on what life was like in that time period. I think 
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Historical Reenactment Preparation

10/9/2014

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Zebadiah-Carpenter

I look forward to meeting Zebadiah because he has a good back story. I like that when he found out his brother and father died, he went back to try to run the family carpentry business, but he didn't like the noise of the city. I can relate to that because I don't favor the city either and I would rather be in the country, which is what Zebadiah did.
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Peter Smith-Frontiersman

I look forward to meeting Peter Smith because he has escaped many almost-death experiences from the British and their Indian allies. He lost his father and also might need to fight again to protect the settlement from the destruction of King George and his armies.

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