Did you know that our bodies create about a gallon of mucus in just two days! I do. In fact, I know a lot of other interesting information about the human body, and YOU WILL TOO if you read my paper! Within this document, you will find six different body system essays including the muscular, skeletal, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems, which all work together to operate our body. All of these systems have different components, each with their own unique functions that help to keep us alive. However, each system cannot operate alone - they need each other to be successful. For example, the nutrients gathered by the digestive system get distributed throughout the body in the circulatory system! Over the previous 12 weeks, we gathered information, organized our thoughts, and paraphrased what trusted websites taught us about each system. We worked with responsibility partners and our papers definitely benefited from the collaboration. Just like each human body system needs to rely on the other systems, we relied on each other to improve our writing and our process. The following is the result of our hard work...
Skeletal System:
Our skeletal system is made up 206 bones. These bones work together to provide our body with support so that we can stand, help us to move so we can walk around, and protect our vital organs like our heart and our brain! Our bones even make and store blood cells for our circulatory system! Without our bones, we would be nothing more than a pile of skin, organs, and muscles on the floor. We wouldn’t be able to move and our organs wouldn’t be safe!
Our bones are made up of many layers. These layers are important because we need our bones to be strong, yet lightweight. In order to achieve this goal, the outside layer of bone is made up of solid, compact bone that makes our bones strong and dense. The next layer of bone is called callousness (a.k.a. spongy bone). This layer allows our bones to be lightweight and transitions us from compact bone into bone marrow. Bone marrow is a thick and spongy section in the middle of bone where red and white blood cells are formed. Finally, our bones are all covered in a thin membrane called peritoneum which is where our muscles attach to bones. So that is how bones are structured in order to keep our bodies strong, yet lightweight!
Although bones are extremely important, we wouldn’t be able to move without joints! Joints are places where two or more bones meet. There are several types of joints in our bodies, but...
...we’ll just focus on four of them. The first type of joint is called a hinge joint. Just like the hinges on a door, they allow movement back and forth. We have hinge joints at our elbows and knees, and we even have them in our knuckles! Another type of joint is called a ball and socket joint. This is where one bone has a ball at the end of it and the other bone has a “baseball mitt” for the ball to sit in. Our shoulders and hips are examples of ball and socket joints. The third type of joint that we studied was called a gliding joint. Gliding joints are places where two or more bones meet and slide past each other. Our wrists and ankles are two examples of gliding joints. The last type of joint is called the pivot joint. A pivot joint works when one bone acts like a ring and the other bone sits inside the ring and rotates. Our neck is an example of a pivot joint because it can rotate around and move up and down. At each joint a soft, squishy material can be found between bones which keeps them from rubbing each other which would be painful. This material is called cartilage. Cartilage, which is bendable, can also be found in our ears and nose. But all of this wouldn’t be possible if it weren’t for ligaments holding all of our bones together at each joint. Ligaments are long, stretchy tissue that connect bone to other bone and stabilize joints. Without these ligaments in place, bones wouldn’t stay attached to each other and wouldn’t allow joints to move. It’s interesting to note that people who are double-jointed actually just have extremely stretchy ligaments! Joints definitely make movement possible and without them, we’d have a hard time getting around our world!
Bones definitely are important parts of the human body. They allow us to move, help provide us structure and support, protect our important organs, and even make blood cells! Because bones are designed so well, they are strong, yet lightweight. Thanks to joints, ligaments, and cartilage, we are able to bend and move throughout our world. Finally, the muscles in our body attach to bones, giving us the power to actually move around!
Muscular System Paper:
The muscular system helps the human body move around and have fun. Let’s say you want to move your arms around, eat a sandwich, or run, you use muscles! There are many different types of muscles, and they all serve different purposes (e.g. movement, pumping blood, dilating your pupils). Some of these purposes are controlled by us, while others are controlled automatically by the muscle cell or the brain.
There are two types of categories of muscles in the human body: voluntary and involuntary. Voluntary muscles are muscles that we have control over. They are the muscles that control our body’s movements and are attached to bones. Skeletal muscles are the only type of voluntary muscle in our body. They pull on bones to cause us to move. Skeletal muscles never push, they only pull, and that’s why they are nearly always found in pairs. One example of this is the biceps and triceps that are located in our upper arms. When the biceps want to pull the lower arm up, they contract or shrink, while the triceps relax or expand. When the triceps want to pull the arm down, they contract while the biceps relax. This is an example of a pair of muscles working together to make movement. But those muscles wouldn’t be able to do any of this without tendons connecting them to the bones that they move! Tendons are flexible bands of tissue that blend into bones and enable them to move the bones that they were supposed to move. Although skeletal muscles are the only type of voluntary muscles, there are two different types of involuntary muscle!
Unlike voluntary muscles, involuntary muscles do things automatically without us knowing it. There are two examples of involuntary muscles. They are cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. Cardiac and smooth muscles are similar because they work automatically, by themselves. Cardiac muscles are muscles that are found only in our heart, and are responsible for pumping blood throughout our body. They work without us thinking about them, and they contract and relax throughout our entire lives. Smooth muscles are found inside many of our organs (e.g. intestines, esophagus, stomach, and bladder), and help move food through our body. Smooth muscles can also be found in your eyes and your blood vessels. Smooth muscle cells may look like one big cell, but are actually a bunch of smaller, smooth cells all grouped together (unlike the striated, skeletal cells). So clearly, there are many types of involuntary muscles in our body that do things we had no idea about. Including important tasks like pumping blood and digesting food!
The muscular system is a powerful system that allows us to move, convert food into energy, and circulate blood throughout our body. Our muscles make up over half of our body weight and give our body tone and shape. In the next essay, learn how some of these muscles move blood throughout our body in order to deliver oxygen to all of our cells.
Circulatory System:
Everybody knows that you need blood in your body. That's what the circulatory system does; it moves blood all around your body through the arteries and veins. The reason this is important is because it gives you your body’s fuel, oxygen, and takes away the waste material, carbon dioxide, from the body. The circulatory system helps us keep warm or cool, fight infection and get rid of waste products.
Blood is what keeps your body living. 55% of blood is plasma. Plasma is a liquid that is yellow. It is primarily 92% water. It carries nutrients, hormones and proteins through the body through a network of veins, which are like highways in the body. There are three main components of blood that are floating, or suspended, in the plasma. They are red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. It looks like this:
Illustration source: http://www.passmyexams.co.uk/GCSE/biology/cardiovascular-system.html
Red blood cells pick up oxygen from your lungs and carry the oxygen to your heart where it gets pumped all around your body. To keep your red blood cells healthy, you should eat vitamins such as vitamins E, B2, B12, B13. But what happens when you get sick White blood cells help you fight off infection. White blood cells are very helpful, for example, when you’re sick. White blood cells go to your inflection and fight the infection head on. So white blood cells are like your little warriors that win the “get well” battle for you when you are sick. But that would happen when you get cuts. Platelets help your blood clot. They are like little builders that combine and put a thick scab over your scrape or wound to form a clot or clog the hole. Under the scrape or wound, white blood cells could be hard at work fighting an infection, but most of the time your skin heals under the scab. So now you know what blood is, but you don’t know how it moves around your body.
There is a series of blood highways, roads, alleyways that the blood travels through, but there is no end--it is a continuous road or a closed system. Let’s take a trip through the world of the circulatory system on the superhighway of blood vessels, including arteries, veins and capillaries. Let’s start with the arteries. The arteries’ job is to take the blood from the heart to other places around the rest body. A fun fact is that the closest arteries to the heart are very thick because they have to withstand the most blood preasure. These veins that are in the body are also like a delivery man dropping off packages of blood. The veins’ job is the exact opposite of the arteries job because, if you ever rented a movie, once you've watched the movie you have to return the movie. That's what the veins do--they return your blood to the heart. A fun fact is that your veins are blue and your arteries are red.just like your veins capillaries deliver thing but instead of blood it gives your supply oxygen. The capillaries’ job is to move oxygen and carbon dioxide in, out, and around your body. They are the body’s smallest blood vessel. Going back to our highway metaphor, they are like a web of back roads and alleyways.
The heart is a muscle that pumps the blood throughout the body. It is about the size of your fist. The heart has four chambers: the left atrium and the right atrium are in the higher part of the heart and the left ventricle and right ventricles are in the lower. Each chamber has its own important job. The left chambers take blood with oxygen to the body. The right chambers collects the blood that doesn’t have oxygen, takes out the carbon dioxide and sends the blood to the lungs to fill the blood with oxygen.
More specifically, the left atrium job is to hold blood that is coming from the lungs and pump it through the mistral valve to the left ventricle. Interestingly, the walls of the left atrium are thicker than the walls of the right atrium. Blood enters the left ventricle through the mistral valve. From there, blood is pumped to the rest of the body. The left ventricle is the thickest of the heart’s chambers. The right atrium collects blood that doesn’t have enough oxygen in it and sends it to the right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps it to the the lungs for more oxygen. This is also when the carbon dioxide is let go.
All together the circulatory system is about your blood being pumped around to your body. The reason this is important is because it gives you your body’s fuel, oxygen, and takes away the waste material, carbon dioxide, from the body.
Respiratory System:
The respiratory system includes the nose, mouth, trachea, bronchi, diaphragm and lungs. Mouth: Air enters the body through either the open mouth or the nose. It travels down the trachea to the lungs, where the oxygen in it passes into the bloodstream.
Your body needs lots of air to keep going. The respiratory system gives oxygen and other gases to your blood cells, and it also removes carbon dioxide, which can be bad for you. So, the respiratory system is very important. You would die without it. Let’s go more in depth.
There are three major components of the respiratory system. The first one is the lungs, which delivers the air, or oxygen, to the blood. The second major component is the area where you inhale air or get your breath in, such as your nose or mouth. It is called the airway. It also includes the pharynx, alveoli, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and larynx as your voice box. The last major component of the respiratory system is right under your lungs. It is called the diaphragm, and its job is to move your lungs in and out so you can breath in and out. These muscles are like a pump that sucks in air when you inhale and then pushes it out when you exhale.
Air enters our body through our mouth or nose and immediately enters the nasal passage. The nasal passage doesn't really do anything except remove little dust particles, hair and small things like that from going down the rest of your respiratory system. The nasal passage can also warm up the moisture in the air, isn’t that cool? The epiglottis is small little flap in your throat that blocks the windpipe when food or any liquids are being swallowed. This flap of skin also helps you not choke on food. There is also something called the larynx which connects the pharynx to the trachea, which we will talk about later. The larynx prevents food and drinks from blocking the airway and keeps it from clogging. Did you know that the larynx is also known as your voice box? Without the larynx you could not sing or talk. Right under the larynx is the trachea, which is also known as the windpipe. The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs. This body part is important because without it we wouldn’t have any air go to our lungs. Did you know without next body part we couldn’t talk? These body parts are called the vocal cords. They are like rubber bands vibrating and making sound to speak your language.Did you know that lungs are one of your main organs because they are giving oxygen to our blood? Lungs are one of the biggest organs in our body. The bronchial tube is our main tube, and it delivers air to our lungs. Once it is closer to our lungs, the bronchial tube is called a bronchioles. Then, just like the bronchial tube, it splits into smaller pieces with little bud-like things on the ends of them. Those are alveoli, and they are the body part that actually give the oxygen to the red blood cells supper fast, but only one blood cell per alveoli. This exchange of gases takes out the carbon dioxide so our cells don't fail on us.
In conclusion, the respiratory system is a very important system because without it we would not have oxygen in our blood and that means we would not be able to live. The respiratory system helps us by taking our the carbon dioxide so we will not have poison in our blood. So, as you can see, overall the respiratory system is very important.
Digestive System:
https://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html
Intro The mysteries of the digestive system is amazing because You go through a long process of digesting your food and eventually it comes out of your body. The mouth The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system. This is where you take in the food and it gets mixed with saliva. Teeth /Mechanical Digestion Your teeth chew up your food into smaller pieces so you won’t choke on food whenever you try to eat and potentially harm your esophagus. There are three different types of teeth. The incisors cut the food. The canines tear the food or stab it. The premolars and molars crush and grind. Saliva/Chemical Digestion Saliva is an important liquid in your body. Saliva job is to start to break down your before your food gets to your stomach A fun fact is that you swallow about 38,000 liters of saliva in an average lifetime. Tongue The tongue is a flexible piece of mucosa with little tiny taste buds that tell you if you like food or not. They also recognize different foods if you had them before. Bolus The bolus is the The body part that makes your food covered with saliva so you can swallow it. Esophagus The esophagus is a tube that connects the beginning of your digestive system to end of the digestive system. It is 25cm long. Peristalsis Peristalsis is when your body is pushing food down to your stomach and sometimes back, also know as throwing up, but most of the time it’s going down to the stomach. Stomach The stomach is a holding space that does a bit more than holding whatever you ate or drank. The stomach squirts a mixture of acid, mucus, and digestive enzymes that helps it be easier to store. Digestive juices Digestive juices help you digest your food. The digestive juices go through a chemical process that starts at the mouth. Then the juices squirt on your food without your knowing it. Then saliva comes, and joins the with something called Ptyalin that helps breakdown your food. Chyme Chyme is a thick liquid that is in the stomach. Chyme is made of digested food, water, hydroelectric acid, and various digestive enzymes.Small Intestine The small intestine is a long tube that absorbs around 90% of your nutrients from our food. A fun fact is the large intestine isn’t really large because the small intestine is 10 feet long, but it isn’t as wide as the large intestines. Villi The villi are finger-like body parts, but they don’t do the same job as our fingers, and they are much smaller, about one millimeter long. The villi job is to take all the old cells and new ones. The villi also absorbs the nutrients and give the nutrients to the new cells. Absorbs food & nutrients into the bloodstream Absorbs food & nutrients into the bloodstream is when you eat your food, and it gets broken down. Then the villi would give the new nutrients to the new cells. Pancreas The pancreas is a gland this deep in the abdomen between the stomach and the spine. The pancreas has pancreatic juices that are also known as enzymes that help digest food. Then these juices get released into the small intestine.Pancreatic Enzymes Pancreatic enzymes produces something called pancrelipase, which is a mixture of digestive enzymes amylase, lipase, and protease. This mixture of ingredients, and this will help your digestion. Gallbladder & Liver The gallbladder is a little storage organ. You can find it around the inferior and posterior to the liver. The gallbladder is very important because it takes in the product from bile. The liver weighs about 3 pounds, and it is very important because this where the nutrients are stored in our body. Bile Bile helps us with our digestion. Bile breaks down and destroys fats into acids, which can be sucked up into our body by the digestive tract. Large Intestine The large intestines is the last piece to the puzzle for the gastrointestinal tract, which is a big part to the absorbing water and vitamins. The large intestine's job is to take water from chyme and return to your body. Absorb water into the bloodstream Absorbing water into the bloodstream is where nutrients that come from your food pass through channels that lead to the small intestine and into a bloodstream. Then it distributes these neutrons throughout your body. Conclusion Paragraph So now you know that there are many different parts in the digestive Anus The anus is the finally part of the digestive system this is where all your food comes out once you got all the goodies out of it. The aneses job is to get rid of the waste that some people might call poo. The anues gets rid of it by pushing out a small hole that you might call the butt hole, and once you're done getting it out you wipe your bum and flush the toilet.
So isn’t the digestive system amazing collection of organs?
Nervous System:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png
Your body is controlled with a series of nerves, neurons and one big brain. Remember reading about those five senses when you were a little kid? Well those senses help your brain make big decisions, like what to write down on a research paper on the human body. The brain would get this information through nerves.
Your brain is an important part of your body because it tells you what to do when your five senses and nerves have gathered some information. Your brain is the control tower of the nervous system because it makes the final decision really fast. This all works through a series of nerves and neurons that send your brain messages at speeds around 240mph, which is pretty fast for the distance it's traveling. There isn’t just one part of your brain though. There is the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, cerebellum, and the brain-stem. The cerebrum, also known as the cortex, is the largest part of the brain, which is associated with higher brain function such as thought and action. The cerebral cortex is divided into four sections, called "lobes": the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe.
The cerebrum isn’t the only part of the brain though. There’s also something called the brain-stem or medulla. The main purpose of the brain-stem is to be a highway for information from the nerves. Did you know that 10/12 of cranial nerves come from the brain-stem? The brain needs to get its information somehow, right? That’s where nerves comes in. Nerves gather information from the sensory nerves that gather information. Then the nerves send the message that the sensory nerves picked up in your brain. Can you imagine how fast this system works? There is one type of nerve left. It is called the motor nerve. The job of the motor nerve is to carry impulses from your brain to a muscle.
The spinal cord is a long centipede looking body part. The spinal cord’s job is to carry information through the vertebral cavity through the spine to the brain. It is like a superhighway that connects the nerves to the brain. If the spinal cord becomes injured, then the messages could get stuck. That’s what happens when people are paralyzed.
A synapse is an intersection between a neuron and one other cell. There are two types of synapses: a chemical and electrical synapses. Dendrites are a small add on to a nerve. Its job is to do the main job the nerves do, which is to gather information. Sort of like dendrites, axons are attached to nerves. Both dendrites and axons are string like figures. Axons are the part that sends the information to the brain-stem.
Five senses
The brain receives messages from the senses, processes them, then tells our body how to respond to the situation. For example, if you jump into an ice cold lake, your sense of touch will tell your brain to react to the situation by saying it is cold and you should get out! There are five senses that are like rangers of the body and they detect things for the brain to process. The senses include:
Conclusion to the Human Body Research Paper:
In conclusion, the human body has many systems that each work hard to do specific jobs to benefit our bodies, but they also work together successfully to ensure our well-being. The skeletal system provides support, protection and structure while the muscular system allows us to move, breathe, and digest food. The circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells of our body while getting rid of waste products and the respiratory system swaps out the oxygen and carbon dioxide. Finally, the digestive system converts food into energy while the nervous system uses that energy to make decisions and maintain memories. I appreciate the time you took to read these essays and hope that you learned something valuable. So the next time you move a muscle or take in a breath, I hope you’ll think about how impressive our human body really is.
Bones definitely are important parts of the human body. They allow us to move, help provide us structure and support, protect our important organs, and even make blood cells! Because bones are designed so well, they are strong, yet lightweight. Thanks to joints, ligaments, and cartilage, we are able to bend and move throughout our world. Finally, the muscles in our body attach to bones, giving us the power to actually move around!
Muscular System Paper:
The muscular system helps the human body move around and have fun. Let’s say you want to move your arms around, eat a sandwich, or run, you use muscles! There are many different types of muscles, and they all serve different purposes (e.g. movement, pumping blood, dilating your pupils). Some of these purposes are controlled by us, while others are controlled automatically by the muscle cell or the brain.
There are two types of categories of muscles in the human body: voluntary and involuntary. Voluntary muscles are muscles that we have control over. They are the muscles that control our body’s movements and are attached to bones. Skeletal muscles are the only type of voluntary muscle in our body. They pull on bones to cause us to move. Skeletal muscles never push, they only pull, and that’s why they are nearly always found in pairs. One example of this is the biceps and triceps that are located in our upper arms. When the biceps want to pull the lower arm up, they contract or shrink, while the triceps relax or expand. When the triceps want to pull the arm down, they contract while the biceps relax. This is an example of a pair of muscles working together to make movement. But those muscles wouldn’t be able to do any of this without tendons connecting them to the bones that they move! Tendons are flexible bands of tissue that blend into bones and enable them to move the bones that they were supposed to move. Although skeletal muscles are the only type of voluntary muscles, there are two different types of involuntary muscle!
Unlike voluntary muscles, involuntary muscles do things automatically without us knowing it. There are two examples of involuntary muscles. They are cardiac muscle and smooth muscle. Cardiac and smooth muscles are similar because they work automatically, by themselves. Cardiac muscles are muscles that are found only in our heart, and are responsible for pumping blood throughout our body. They work without us thinking about them, and they contract and relax throughout our entire lives. Smooth muscles are found inside many of our organs (e.g. intestines, esophagus, stomach, and bladder), and help move food through our body. Smooth muscles can also be found in your eyes and your blood vessels. Smooth muscle cells may look like one big cell, but are actually a bunch of smaller, smooth cells all grouped together (unlike the striated, skeletal cells). So clearly, there are many types of involuntary muscles in our body that do things we had no idea about. Including important tasks like pumping blood and digesting food!
The muscular system is a powerful system that allows us to move, convert food into energy, and circulate blood throughout our body. Our muscles make up over half of our body weight and give our body tone and shape. In the next essay, learn how some of these muscles move blood throughout our body in order to deliver oxygen to all of our cells.
Circulatory System:
Everybody knows that you need blood in your body. That's what the circulatory system does; it moves blood all around your body through the arteries and veins. The reason this is important is because it gives you your body’s fuel, oxygen, and takes away the waste material, carbon dioxide, from the body. The circulatory system helps us keep warm or cool, fight infection and get rid of waste products.
Blood is what keeps your body living. 55% of blood is plasma. Plasma is a liquid that is yellow. It is primarily 92% water. It carries nutrients, hormones and proteins through the body through a network of veins, which are like highways in the body. There are three main components of blood that are floating, or suspended, in the plasma. They are red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. It looks like this:
Illustration source: http://www.passmyexams.co.uk/GCSE/biology/cardiovascular-system.html
Red blood cells pick up oxygen from your lungs and carry the oxygen to your heart where it gets pumped all around your body. To keep your red blood cells healthy, you should eat vitamins such as vitamins E, B2, B12, B13. But what happens when you get sick White blood cells help you fight off infection. White blood cells are very helpful, for example, when you’re sick. White blood cells go to your inflection and fight the infection head on. So white blood cells are like your little warriors that win the “get well” battle for you when you are sick. But that would happen when you get cuts. Platelets help your blood clot. They are like little builders that combine and put a thick scab over your scrape or wound to form a clot or clog the hole. Under the scrape or wound, white blood cells could be hard at work fighting an infection, but most of the time your skin heals under the scab. So now you know what blood is, but you don’t know how it moves around your body.
There is a series of blood highways, roads, alleyways that the blood travels through, but there is no end--it is a continuous road or a closed system. Let’s take a trip through the world of the circulatory system on the superhighway of blood vessels, including arteries, veins and capillaries. Let’s start with the arteries. The arteries’ job is to take the blood from the heart to other places around the rest body. A fun fact is that the closest arteries to the heart are very thick because they have to withstand the most blood preasure. These veins that are in the body are also like a delivery man dropping off packages of blood. The veins’ job is the exact opposite of the arteries job because, if you ever rented a movie, once you've watched the movie you have to return the movie. That's what the veins do--they return your blood to the heart. A fun fact is that your veins are blue and your arteries are red.just like your veins capillaries deliver thing but instead of blood it gives your supply oxygen. The capillaries’ job is to move oxygen and carbon dioxide in, out, and around your body. They are the body’s smallest blood vessel. Going back to our highway metaphor, they are like a web of back roads and alleyways.
The heart is a muscle that pumps the blood throughout the body. It is about the size of your fist. The heart has four chambers: the left atrium and the right atrium are in the higher part of the heart and the left ventricle and right ventricles are in the lower. Each chamber has its own important job. The left chambers take blood with oxygen to the body. The right chambers collects the blood that doesn’t have oxygen, takes out the carbon dioxide and sends the blood to the lungs to fill the blood with oxygen.
More specifically, the left atrium job is to hold blood that is coming from the lungs and pump it through the mistral valve to the left ventricle. Interestingly, the walls of the left atrium are thicker than the walls of the right atrium. Blood enters the left ventricle through the mistral valve. From there, blood is pumped to the rest of the body. The left ventricle is the thickest of the heart’s chambers. The right atrium collects blood that doesn’t have enough oxygen in it and sends it to the right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps it to the the lungs for more oxygen. This is also when the carbon dioxide is let go.
All together the circulatory system is about your blood being pumped around to your body. The reason this is important is because it gives you your body’s fuel, oxygen, and takes away the waste material, carbon dioxide, from the body.
Respiratory System:
The respiratory system includes the nose, mouth, trachea, bronchi, diaphragm and lungs. Mouth: Air enters the body through either the open mouth or the nose. It travels down the trachea to the lungs, where the oxygen in it passes into the bloodstream.
Your body needs lots of air to keep going. The respiratory system gives oxygen and other gases to your blood cells, and it also removes carbon dioxide, which can be bad for you. So, the respiratory system is very important. You would die without it. Let’s go more in depth.
There are three major components of the respiratory system. The first one is the lungs, which delivers the air, or oxygen, to the blood. The second major component is the area where you inhale air or get your breath in, such as your nose or mouth. It is called the airway. It also includes the pharynx, alveoli, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and larynx as your voice box. The last major component of the respiratory system is right under your lungs. It is called the diaphragm, and its job is to move your lungs in and out so you can breath in and out. These muscles are like a pump that sucks in air when you inhale and then pushes it out when you exhale.
Air enters our body through our mouth or nose and immediately enters the nasal passage. The nasal passage doesn't really do anything except remove little dust particles, hair and small things like that from going down the rest of your respiratory system. The nasal passage can also warm up the moisture in the air, isn’t that cool? The epiglottis is small little flap in your throat that blocks the windpipe when food or any liquids are being swallowed. This flap of skin also helps you not choke on food. There is also something called the larynx which connects the pharynx to the trachea, which we will talk about later. The larynx prevents food and drinks from blocking the airway and keeps it from clogging. Did you know that the larynx is also known as your voice box? Without the larynx you could not sing or talk. Right under the larynx is the trachea, which is also known as the windpipe. The trachea connects the larynx to the bronchi of the lungs. This body part is important because without it we wouldn’t have any air go to our lungs. Did you know without next body part we couldn’t talk? These body parts are called the vocal cords. They are like rubber bands vibrating and making sound to speak your language.Did you know that lungs are one of your main organs because they are giving oxygen to our blood? Lungs are one of the biggest organs in our body. The bronchial tube is our main tube, and it delivers air to our lungs. Once it is closer to our lungs, the bronchial tube is called a bronchioles. Then, just like the bronchial tube, it splits into smaller pieces with little bud-like things on the ends of them. Those are alveoli, and they are the body part that actually give the oxygen to the red blood cells supper fast, but only one blood cell per alveoli. This exchange of gases takes out the carbon dioxide so our cells don't fail on us.
In conclusion, the respiratory system is a very important system because without it we would not have oxygen in our blood and that means we would not be able to live. The respiratory system helps us by taking our the carbon dioxide so we will not have poison in our blood. So, as you can see, overall the respiratory system is very important.
Digestive System:
https://www.innerbody.com/image/digeov.html
Intro The mysteries of the digestive system is amazing because You go through a long process of digesting your food and eventually it comes out of your body. The mouth The mouth is the beginning of the digestive system. This is where you take in the food and it gets mixed with saliva. Teeth /Mechanical Digestion Your teeth chew up your food into smaller pieces so you won’t choke on food whenever you try to eat and potentially harm your esophagus. There are three different types of teeth. The incisors cut the food. The canines tear the food or stab it. The premolars and molars crush and grind. Saliva/Chemical Digestion Saliva is an important liquid in your body. Saliva job is to start to break down your before your food gets to your stomach A fun fact is that you swallow about 38,000 liters of saliva in an average lifetime. Tongue The tongue is a flexible piece of mucosa with little tiny taste buds that tell you if you like food or not. They also recognize different foods if you had them before. Bolus The bolus is the The body part that makes your food covered with saliva so you can swallow it. Esophagus The esophagus is a tube that connects the beginning of your digestive system to end of the digestive system. It is 25cm long. Peristalsis Peristalsis is when your body is pushing food down to your stomach and sometimes back, also know as throwing up, but most of the time it’s going down to the stomach. Stomach The stomach is a holding space that does a bit more than holding whatever you ate or drank. The stomach squirts a mixture of acid, mucus, and digestive enzymes that helps it be easier to store. Digestive juices Digestive juices help you digest your food. The digestive juices go through a chemical process that starts at the mouth. Then the juices squirt on your food without your knowing it. Then saliva comes, and joins the with something called Ptyalin that helps breakdown your food. Chyme Chyme is a thick liquid that is in the stomach. Chyme is made of digested food, water, hydroelectric acid, and various digestive enzymes.Small Intestine The small intestine is a long tube that absorbs around 90% of your nutrients from our food. A fun fact is the large intestine isn’t really large because the small intestine is 10 feet long, but it isn’t as wide as the large intestines. Villi The villi are finger-like body parts, but they don’t do the same job as our fingers, and they are much smaller, about one millimeter long. The villi job is to take all the old cells and new ones. The villi also absorbs the nutrients and give the nutrients to the new cells. Absorbs food & nutrients into the bloodstream Absorbs food & nutrients into the bloodstream is when you eat your food, and it gets broken down. Then the villi would give the new nutrients to the new cells. Pancreas The pancreas is a gland this deep in the abdomen between the stomach and the spine. The pancreas has pancreatic juices that are also known as enzymes that help digest food. Then these juices get released into the small intestine.Pancreatic Enzymes Pancreatic enzymes produces something called pancrelipase, which is a mixture of digestive enzymes amylase, lipase, and protease. This mixture of ingredients, and this will help your digestion. Gallbladder & Liver The gallbladder is a little storage organ. You can find it around the inferior and posterior to the liver. The gallbladder is very important because it takes in the product from bile. The liver weighs about 3 pounds, and it is very important because this where the nutrients are stored in our body. Bile Bile helps us with our digestion. Bile breaks down and destroys fats into acids, which can be sucked up into our body by the digestive tract. Large Intestine The large intestines is the last piece to the puzzle for the gastrointestinal tract, which is a big part to the absorbing water and vitamins. The large intestine's job is to take water from chyme and return to your body. Absorb water into the bloodstream Absorbing water into the bloodstream is where nutrients that come from your food pass through channels that lead to the small intestine and into a bloodstream. Then it distributes these neutrons throughout your body. Conclusion Paragraph So now you know that there are many different parts in the digestive Anus The anus is the finally part of the digestive system this is where all your food comes out once you got all the goodies out of it. The aneses job is to get rid of the waste that some people might call poo. The anues gets rid of it by pushing out a small hole that you might call the butt hole, and once you're done getting it out you wipe your bum and flush the toilet.
So isn’t the digestive system amazing collection of organs?
Nervous System:
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/ba/Nervous_system_diagram.png
Your body is controlled with a series of nerves, neurons and one big brain. Remember reading about those five senses when you were a little kid? Well those senses help your brain make big decisions, like what to write down on a research paper on the human body. The brain would get this information through nerves.
Your brain is an important part of your body because it tells you what to do when your five senses and nerves have gathered some information. Your brain is the control tower of the nervous system because it makes the final decision really fast. This all works through a series of nerves and neurons that send your brain messages at speeds around 240mph, which is pretty fast for the distance it's traveling. There isn’t just one part of your brain though. There is the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, cerebellum, and the brain-stem. The cerebrum, also known as the cortex, is the largest part of the brain, which is associated with higher brain function such as thought and action. The cerebral cortex is divided into four sections, called "lobes": the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe.
The cerebrum isn’t the only part of the brain though. There’s also something called the brain-stem or medulla. The main purpose of the brain-stem is to be a highway for information from the nerves. Did you know that 10/12 of cranial nerves come from the brain-stem? The brain needs to get its information somehow, right? That’s where nerves comes in. Nerves gather information from the sensory nerves that gather information. Then the nerves send the message that the sensory nerves picked up in your brain. Can you imagine how fast this system works? There is one type of nerve left. It is called the motor nerve. The job of the motor nerve is to carry impulses from your brain to a muscle.
The spinal cord is a long centipede looking body part. The spinal cord’s job is to carry information through the vertebral cavity through the spine to the brain. It is like a superhighway that connects the nerves to the brain. If the spinal cord becomes injured, then the messages could get stuck. That’s what happens when people are paralyzed.
A synapse is an intersection between a neuron and one other cell. There are two types of synapses: a chemical and electrical synapses. Dendrites are a small add on to a nerve. Its job is to do the main job the nerves do, which is to gather information. Sort of like dendrites, axons are attached to nerves. Both dendrites and axons are string like figures. Axons are the part that sends the information to the brain-stem.
Five senses
The brain receives messages from the senses, processes them, then tells our body how to respond to the situation. For example, if you jump into an ice cold lake, your sense of touch will tell your brain to react to the situation by saying it is cold and you should get out! There are five senses that are like rangers of the body and they detect things for the brain to process. The senses include:
- Sight is a sense that makes out different colors and shapes with your eyes.
- Touch is the sense where you feel what is around you.
- Hearing is where you make out different sounds with your ears.
- Taste is where you taste different flavors with your taste buds.
- Smell is when you use your nose to sniff different smells.
Conclusion to the Human Body Research Paper:
In conclusion, the human body has many systems that each work hard to do specific jobs to benefit our bodies, but they also work together successfully to ensure our well-being. The skeletal system provides support, protection and structure while the muscular system allows us to move, breathe, and digest food. The circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells of our body while getting rid of waste products and the respiratory system swaps out the oxygen and carbon dioxide. Finally, the digestive system converts food into energy while the nervous system uses that energy to make decisions and maintain memories. I appreciate the time you took to read these essays and hope that you learned something valuable. So the next time you move a muscle or take in a breath, I hope you’ll think about how impressive our human body really is.
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