Introduction To Human Body Research Paper:
Did you know that our bodies create about a gallon of mucus in just two days! I do. In fact, I know a lot of other interesting information about the human body, and YOU WILL TOO if you read my paper! Within this document, you will find six different body system essays including the muscular, skeletal, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems, which all work together to operate our body. All of these systems have different components each have their own functions that help keep us alive. However, each system can’t operate alone - they need each other to be successful. For example, the nutrients gathered by the digestive system get distributed throughout the body in the circulatory system! Over the last 12 weeks, we gathered information about each system, organized our thoughts, and paraphrased what trusted websites taught us about each system. We worked with responsibility partners and our papers definitely benefited from the collaboration. Just like each human body system needs to rely on the other systems, we relied on each other to improve our writing and our process. The following is the result of our hard work...
Skeletal System:
Our skeletal system is made up of 206 bones. These bones work together to provide our body with support so that we can stand, help us to move so we can walk around, and protect our vital organs like our heart and our brain! Our bones even make and store blood cells for our circulatory system! Without our bones, we would be nothing more than a pile of skin, organs, and muscles on the floor. We wouldn’t be able to move and our organs wouldn’t be safe!
Our bones are made up of many layers. These layers are important because we need our bones to be strong, yet lightweight. In order to achieve this goal, the outside layer of bone is made up of dense, compact bone that makes our bones strong and dense. The next layer of bone is called cancellous (a.k.a. spongy bone). This layer allows our bones to be lightweight and transitions us from compact bone into bone marrow. Bone marrow is a thick and spongy section in the middle of bone where red and white blood cells are formed. Finally, our bones are all covered in a thin membrane called periosteum which is where our muscles attach to bones. So that is how bones are structured in order to keep our bodies strong, yet lightweight!
Bones definitely are important parts of the human body. They allow us to move, help provide us structure and support, protect our important organs, and even make blood cells. Because bones bones are designed so well, they are strong, yet lightweight. Thanks to joints, ligaments and cartilage, we are able to bend and move throughout our world. Finally, the muscles in our body attach to bones, giving us the power to actually move around.
Muscular System Paper:
Introduction:
The muscular system helps the human body move around and have fun. Let's say you want to move your arms around, eat a sandwich, or run, you use your muscles. There are many different types of muscles, and they all serve different purposes (e.g movement, pumping blood, dilating your pupils.) Some of these purposes our controlled by us, while others are controlled automatically by the muscle cell or the brain.
There are two types of categories of muscles in the human body: voluntary and involuntary. Voluntary muscles are muscles that we have control over. They are the muscles that control our body’s movements and are attached to bones. Skeletal muscles are the only type of voluntary muscles in our body. They pull on bones to cause us to move. Skeletal muscles never push they only pull, and that’s why they are nearly found in pairs. One example of this is the biceps and triceps that are located in our upper arms. When the biceps want to pull the lower arm up, they contract or shrink, while the triceps relax. When the triceps want to pull the arm down, they contract while the biceps relax. This is an example of a pair of muscles working together to make movement. But those muscles wouldn’t be able to do any of this without tendons connecting them to the bones that they move! Tendons are flexible bands of tissue that blend into bones and enable them to move the bones that they were supposed to move. Although skeletal muscles are the only type of voluntary muscles, there are two different types of involuntary muscle.
Unlike voluntary muscles, involuntary muscles do things automatically without knowing it. There are two examples of involuntary muscle. They are smooth muscle and cardiac. Cardiac and smooth muscles are similar because they work automatically by them self. Cardiac muscles are the muscles in our heart that are responsible for pumping blood throughout our body. They work without us thinking about them and they contract and relax throughout our entire lives. Smooth muscles are found inside many of our organs like the intestines, esophagus, stomach, and bladder and help move food through our body. Smooth muscles can also be found in your eyes and your blood vessels. Smooth muscles cells look like one big cell, but are actually just a bunch of smaller, smooth cells grouped together. (unlike the striated, skeletal cells.) So clearly, there are many types involuntary muscles that do things we had no idea about. Including important tasks like pumping blood and digesting food.
The muscular system is a powerful system that allows us to move, convert food into energy, and circulate blood through our body. Our muscles make up more than half of our body weight and give our body tone and shape. in the next essay, learn how some of these muscles move blood throughout our body in order to deliver oxygen to all of our cells.
Circulatory System:
Have you ever wondered how the heart works and how it pumps blood all around the body? On this page you will learn all of those questions and get a deeper understanding of the circulatory system. The circulatory system gets blood filled with nutrients and oxygen all through the body. In this first paragraph you will learn all about blood and it’s ingredients.
Blood is very important to the body. With the help of many other “ingredients” that make blood, it travels through our body to get important nutrients and substances to our cells. To make blood, your body needs to mix red and white blood cells, plasma, and platelets. All of these “ingredients” makes blood do what it does like fighting infections, carrying nutrients through the body, etc. One of the ingredients in making blood is white blood cells. this blood cell is one of the two blood cells in your body. This type however, seeks out together in different paths in your body to try find and track down bacteria and viruses which cause sickness. The other blood cells are red blood cells. These blood cells does something very similar that keeps you healthy. Red blood cells contain something called hemoglobin, which picks up oxygen in the lungs. As this travels through the body, it releases the oxygen in tissues. Hemoglobin sounds like a bad guy name, but to your body, it is a superhero! Do you ever wonder when you get a cut and a scab forms over the cut, how does it form and what causes it to form a scab? Well, that is all what platelets do! When your skin cuts open, platelets stick together to form a wall as quickly as they can to block blood from rushing through. Later on, when the cut dries out, it will form a scab to heal the skin underneath. In a situation when you get a cut, your best friend is a band-aid, but platelets do it all! The very last ingredient of blood is plasma. Plasma is very active around the body. It travels all through the body carrying nutrients, hormones and proteins to parts in the body where they need these specific things.
This next part in the circulatory system is the blood vessel. Blood vessels is like the heart’s sidekick. They form the living system of tubes that carry blood both to and from the heart. Blood vessels are important and help you live living because it helps the blood travel through the body to help you live and stay healthy. Arteries are like a road, just like your blood vessels. Arteries carry blood away from the heart to all parts of the body. Veins work with the arteries to travel blood through the body. Veins do the the total opposite of arteries, they return blood to the heart. Did you know that we have a trade center in our body, well we do! This donation center happens with capillaries carry blood away from the body and exchange nutrients, waste, and oxygen with tissues at the cellular level.
Now you know about the trade center in our body now let’s talk about one of the most popular and important part in your body………. the heart! With each beat of the heart, blood is sent all throughout our body, carrying oxygen and nutrients to our cells. The heart is also probably the most powerful part in our body. It has to pump blood until you die! One plain heart couldn’t do it all, there are four chambers that make up the heart. there are two chambers on the top and two chambers on the bottom. The top chambers are called the left and right atriums while the bottom two chambers are the left and right ventricle. These chambers work together when blood enters through the right atrium and passes through the right ventricle. The right ventricle then pumps the blood to the lungs where it becomes oxygenated. This new blood is brought back by pulmonary veins where it enters the left atrium. The blood travels to the left ventricle where it will be distributed to the aorta. The aorta will then release the oxygenated blood all through the body.
I have taught you many things about the circulatory system. In conclusion, the circulatory system is responsible for transporting important materials into the entire body. Our body transports nutrients, water, and oxygen into countless tiny cells in your body. It also carries away carbon dioxide that body cells produce. Overall, the circulatory system is a certain part in the body to help you live and stay healthy.
Respiratory System:
Welcome to the world of the respiratory system! This system of your body is in charge of you breathing in and out. There are many parts that the oxygen you breathe in has to go through, and the carbon dioxide you breathe out! In this paper, I will show you all of the parts in the respiratory system and what is their main job. Read in because this paper will teach you many things!
For air to enter the body, it has to go through the open mouth or nose. When it goes through the nasal passage, tiny hairs in the nose catch unwanted particles while mucus catches many of the germs before they all can go too far into the respiratory system. The mucus also warms and moistens the air. After the air comes in from the mouth or nose it travels to the pharynx. The pharynx’s job is to travel the air through the epiglottis and to the larynx. The epiglottis blocks the windpipe from having air come through it when you are swallowing food or liquid. Now the larynx probably is one of the most hardest workers in the respiratory system. The larynx is responsible for connecting the pharynx to the trachea. It is also responsible for keeping foods and liquids from blocking the airway. The larynx is also the body’s “voice box”. The voice box lets you say and sing things. It contains vocal folds that let you sing and say things. At the upper airway of the trachea are the two cartilage rings, inside those are to vocal cords which are the topmost parts of the vocal folds. The air then goes to the trachea A.K.A the windpipe. The trachea is a long “pipe” that starts at your neck and goes to just above your lungs where two bronchi tubes carry the air into the lungs.
If you are not that into science and the body, you think that the lungs are just filled with air. Well, think again! The lungs have many different bronchi tubes, and the alveolus or alveoli. One bronchi goes into the left side of the lungs and another one goes to the right side of the lungs. Each bronchus divides into smaller tubes called bronchioles. The bronchioles go to the alveolus . The alveolus has tiny, stretchy sacs that blow up like tiny balloons when you breathe in air. Oxygen from the air passes through the alveoli into capillaries while carbon dioxide is passed out of the alveoli. The final part of breathing in air for the respiratory system is to exchange gases in your lungs . When air enters the the alveoli, it goes through it’s air-blood barrier into the blood capillaries. Oxygen starts from the lungs and travels all the way to the lungs, to pick up the air you breathe in, and in exchange it gives you carbon dioxide, which you breathe out. This isn’t the real story, though, the oxygen actually releases carbon dioxide when it’s taking the air you breathe in and the carbon dioxide goes through the process of getting to the lungs but in opposite form, traveling to your mouth for you to breathe it out. Your carbon dioxide couldn’t just magically go back up to your mouth, your diaphragm is a muscle underneath your lungs that is a big part of the respiratory system. Your diaphragm moves you lungs to help out moving gases down to the lungs and to remove gases from the lungs that travels to the mouth that you breathe out.
I hope you have learned many things about the respiratory system. I have taught you how the lungs exchange gases, how air enters and exits the body, and the different parts of the respiratory system. Thank you for reading my respiratory system paper and I hoped you liked it.
Digestive System:
Have you ever wondered what happens when food goes down your throat? In this paper, you will get a deeper look at what happens when you demolish that savory burger, or devourer that cheesy piece of pizza. Like all other systems in your body, the digestive system helps you survive. If you are ready to go deep into the digestive system, than read on!
The digestive system all starts when you put food into your mouth. The mouth is the first part of the digestive tract. The teeth will chew on food and it will get mixed with saliva. The lips, cheeks, and palate form the boundaries when you chew on food. You are wondering how you get food down your “pipe”, right? Well, there are two ways you digest food. The first way is teeth/mechanical digestion. This way of digestion uses your teeth to break down food. This process also has to go through called peristalsis. Peristalsis is simply the involuntary contractions in charge for the movement of food through the esophagus (we will talk about the esophagus later) and intestinal tracts. The next kind of digestion is the saliva/chemical digestion. This type of digestion is achieved with chemicals and saliva. Digestive enzymes and water break down molecules such as fats, proteins, and carbohydrates into smaller molecules. These smaller molecules can be absorbed for the use of cells. The presence of these digestive enzymes make the digestion process be more efficient and go faster. Currently, there exist eight digestive enzymes mostly responsible for chemical digestion. The tongue also helps with digesting food, it manipulates food in the mouth. The food you eat can’t make it to the stomach just how it was before, the food that you ate and gets chewed on is a bolus. The latin root word for this word is ball, because the food forms into a similar shape of a ball. The bolus has a long traveling system until it gets to the stomach. The traveling system that makes up the digestive system is the esophagus. The esophagus is a long, thin and muscular tube that connects the pharynx A.K.A the throat to the stomach. This conducts food and water from the pharynx to the stomach. There is also another muscle in your body that helps out the esophagus to get food down to the stomach, which is called peristalsis. This muscle has a never lasting flow like a wave that gets the food down to the stomach. Can you guess what the reverse version of this muscle is? Think about before you keep reading. It’s vomit! This is called retroperistalsis. When you have food poisoning or bad bacteria in your stomach, peristalsis does it’s reverse version of it and uses its muscles to bring the food back up and you throw it up. Back on track to the regular digestive system.
At the bottom of the esophagus is the stomach. The stomach contains digestive juices that start working on breaking down the food that you ate and swallowed. When the digestive juices break down the food, it creates a liquid called chyme, which is a mixture of half broken down food and digestive juices. The chyme travels through one of two intestines, the small intestine. The small intestine, which is the bigger of the two intestines,is a tube about 15 to 20 feet. The small intestine has some help to keep the digested food going in the digestive system, it is called villi. This structure helps absorb digested food (if you want to be more specific, it is B-12, iron and calcium) pass through the bloodstream and into the pancreas. The pancreas is a large gland and is about 6 inches long and shaped like short, lumpy snake with its “head”. The pancreas secretes digestive enzymes into the small intestine to complete the chemical digestion of foods. There is also chemicals in the pancreas called pancreatic enzymes. These chemicals help break down fat, proteins, and carbohydrates from the digested food. This helps maintain weight, aid in weight gain neutralize stomach acid, and also promote nutrient absorption. This mix of juice and barely any digested then travels down to the gallbladder liver, the largest gland in your body weighs about 3.3 lbs when you are an adult. The liver works hard to do many things for the human body, it removes waste and toxin from your body, breaks down the final nutrients in the digested food, and produces a green fluid called bile. Bile helps the body absorb fat into the bloodstream and is stored in the liver until it needs to be used in the human body. The very last stop for the digested food is the large intestine, measuring around five feet, this intestine reabsorbs the water from the undigested food material and processes the waste material . The large intestine is very large in diameter. It has two main parts, the cecum, the colon, and the rectum. The cetum is the receiving pouch for the waste matter. The colon, is home to many bacteria that aid in the digestive processes. At the end of the large intestine there is the anus, which is where the digested food comes out of, or poop.
As you have just read, there are many parts of the digestive system that are important for your body’s health.. The digestive system takes a little while to digest food, about 6 to 8 hours. I think that some people believe that when you swallow food, it plops right down to the stomach, not the case in the digestive system. I hope you have learned many facts about the digestive system and I hope you read some of my other system papers.
Nervous System:
Your nervous system doesn’t have that much parts in it, but it is a big key in your life. The nervous system is in charge of your senses and it controls if anything is good or bad. Imagine if you couldn’t taste a wonderful slice of pizza? What if your favorite food was brussel sprouts? That is just gross and taste helps is taste good tastes and bad tastes. We will get a deeper look of the nervous system in this paper.
Your brain is the most important part in the nervous system and it only weighs three pounds. These three main parts are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and the medulla, or the brainstem. The cerebrum is in charge of remembering, problem solving, thinking, and feeling. It is also what helps you move. This also makes up most of the brain probably because it is in charge of most of the actions you do. The cerebellum probably helps you mostly with physical activity. It is at the back of the brain and it controls coordination and balance. The medulla connects the brain to the spinal cord. It controls automatic functions such as breathing, digestion, heart rate and blood pressure.
You should also know that nerves make up most of the nervous system, that’s why it’s called the nervous system! Nerves are like a bunch of cables or wires. They send signals to and from the brain. These are also called motor and sensory nerves. Sensory nerves take messages all throughout the body and get them to the brain. Motor nerves carry messages away from the brain to the rest of your body. The spinal cord is also sort of a highway in the nervous system. The spinal cord stretches from the brain down through the back and contains threadlike nerves that stretch to every organ and body part in the human body. You know how at Wendy’s there is the baconator and they have the son of baconator? Well, neurons are pretty much the son of the baconator! Neurons are sorta like nerves but much smaller. Neurons transmit nerve impulses all around the body and are nerve cells. There are also three different parts in neurons . They are called synapses, dendrites, and axons. Synapses are small gaps that help information flow from one neuron to the other. Dendrites are tiny branches on neurons that help with passing information from other neurons to the cell nucleus. A cool fact about dendrites is that the structure of a dendrite can change, depending on environmental influences. Axons are a long, threadlike part of the neuron where impulses are conducted from the cell body to other cells.
Your nervous system is also in charge of the five senses, taste, touch, smell, sight, and hear. These senses and the nervous system protect you a lot. When a ball is going straight towards your head, and you see that it is going to, nerves help travel a message to the brain saying something like “look out” and to get out of the way. This is pretty much the same exact way with the four different senses, When taste something, nerves send a message to the saying if it’s good or not. Usually if it’s bad you spit the food out. When you touch something, if it’s sharp, nerves send a message to the brain saying to take your hand or whatever body part off the sharp object. When you hear something, nerves send a message to the brain telling the brain what you heard. Finally when you smell something bad, nerves send a message to the brain saying to “STOP SNIFFING THIS THING!”.
After reading the nervous system paper, you have to agree with me that the nervous system is a big key part in your life. If the nervous system wasn’t in your body, you wouldn’t be able to walk, talk, see, hear or touch things! How boring would your life be without that? I hoped you have learned many interesting facts about the nervous system and enjoyed reading it.
Conclusion to the Human Body Research Paper:
In conclusion, the human body has many systems that each work hard to benefit our bodies, but they also work together successfully to ensure our well-being. The skeletal system provides support, protection and structure while the muscular system allows us to move, breathe, and digest food. The circulatory system transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells of our body while getting rid of waste products and the respiratory system swaps out the oxygen and carbon dioxide. Finally, the digestive system converts food into energy while the nervous system uses that energy to make decisions and maintain memories. I appreciate the time you took to read these essays and hope that you learned something valuable. So the next time you move a muscle or take in a breath, I hope you’ll think about how impressive our human body really is!
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