1. What writing skills did you improve while working on your Human Body Research Paper? Explain. 2. What are some concepts that you learned about the human body during this unit that you think are important (not just interesting)? 3. What was the most challenging part of writing your Human Body Research Paper? Why? 4. What aspect of the Human Body Research Paper are you most proud of? Why? | 1. One of the things that I improved on was using my transition words. I also tried working on how not making run on sentences. Hanna actually helped me with my clincher sentences and it got better. And I actually improved on instead of fact by fact I made it interesting instead but I still had facts. 2. I actually learned that your circulatory brings oxygen to you cells and I thought it's main purpose was just to your heart just pumping blood. But now I know that it also brings oxygen to our cells. I also didn't know that medulla was another name for a brain stem and it's actually really important so that's some concepts that I learned. 3. The most challenging part of writing the human body research paper was doing the respiratory system because it had a lot of parts and I tried to make it interesting but it was hard to put it into words. 4. I am most proud of my nervous system because I already know a lot but I actually learned more and since I really loved the nervous system that made it more interesting to learn and it was really fun. |
Introduction To Human Body Research Paper:
The human body has six main systems and is a complex machine that is constantly working to keep us alive. Although each system has its own unique jobs to do, they synergize to keep us healthy and active.
The skeletal system is responsible for giving us support, structure, and protection and works together with the muscular system to move our body. Our muscles pull our bones, which allows us to move, jump, and run! The muscular system actually plays an important role in delivering oxygen to our body’s cells. Without the heart, one of our most important muscles, blood wouldn’t be able to travel around our body! Luckily for us, the blood travels through our lungs, where it drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen that our cells are craving. Speaking of craving, did you ever know that the main purpose of our digestive system isn’t just to digest food? It’s job is actually to take nutrients and water out of what we eat and drink and then deliver it to the circulatory system where it gets delivered to the cells in our body. But none of these systems would work without the direction of our nervous system!
Now let’s get right into it with the skeletal system, where you’ll learn how our bones help us move and protect our organs.
Skeletal System:
Introduction:
The skeletal system has several important jobs to do in our body. It is responsible for creating blood cells, providing our body with support and structure, and enabling us to move. We have several bones that are responsible for protecting our organs like the ribs protect our heart and lungs, and the skull protects our brain! Bones cannot move unless joined together at joints. Ligaments connect our bones together and cartilage prevents them from rubbing together which would be painful! We are so lucky to have strong, powerful, yet moveable bones in our body!
Skeletal System Body Paragraph 1:
The bones in our body are made up of four distinct layers. Each of these layers has important responsibilities and are vital to our day-to-day life. The outer layer of bone is called compact bone. Compact bone is solid throughout and enables our body to be supported. Compact bone is so dense that surgeon’s need to use a saw to cut through it. The next layer of bone is called spongy bone and it is lightweight and porous, which prevents our bones from getting too heavy, but still be strong. It makes up about 20% of our skeleton, and it’s found mostly in long bones, joints, and in our spine. The center of many bones are filled with a gelatinous substance called bone marrow. Bone marrow is responsible for creating red blood cells and some of our white blood cells. Bone marrow also makes platelets for our circulatory system. In addition, bone marrow stores iron for when our body needs it. We have two different types of bone marrow: yellow and red. We are born with red marrow, but it slowly changes to yellow over time. Finally, the outermost part of bone is covered in periosteum, a thin, fibrous membrane that covers all bones. The membrane is responsible for helping to create new bone in children and does the same when adults sustain an injury. The periosteum is the site at which ligaments, tendons, and muscles attach to bone! It also contains the blood vessels that allow nutrients and oxygen to the get to the bones! Knowing the four layers of bones can help us to understand just how complex our human body really is!
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Now that you just learned about what’s inside our bones and what they do you are now going to learn about the joints in our body and what they do.There are so many joints in your body and a in this paragraph were going to name what are the different joints and what they do for our body. A joint is in an human or animal body where a skeleton is fitted together. It’s kind of like a structure that holds parts of your bone together to help you move around and jump. There are so many joints in your body and a in this paragraph were going to name what are the different joints and what they do for our body. Cartilage is an important part of your body and it is a firm tissue but soft yet more flexible than a bone. Cartilage is made up of cells called chondrocytes. There are no blood vessels in cartilage to supply the chondrocytes with nutrients for your body to be healthy. A ligament is a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue which connects two bones or holds a joint together. Ligaments are a membranous fold that supports an organ and keeps it in position so it won’t move around and keeps the bone together. Gliding joints are Gliding joints allow the bones to glide past one another in any direction along the plane of the joint – up and down, left and right, and diagonally you do this all the time to move your body. Sliding joints are formed in the appendicular skeleton between like the carpal bones of the wrist, between the carpals and the metacarpals of the palm also between the tarsal bones of the ankle and between the tarsals
and the metatarsals of the foot as you can see gliding joints or sliding joints form between bones to help you bend and do different things. A hinge joint connects the ankle elbow and knee joints. Hinge joints are formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to flex or extend in different places. A pivot joint is also known as a rotary joint it rotates on the axis on another bone. Ball and socket joints are usually found in the shoulder and the hip, the muscles join together to allow circular movement. As you can see there is many joints and other pieces that help them or go in them to help and they do so much for our body!
Conclusion:
As you can see the skeletal system has many important jobs to do! It allows us to stand straight up, move our body around and protects our most important organs. However, the skeletal system can’t move our body by itself. It needs the help of our muscular system as well.
Muscular System:
Introduction:
The muscular system has many important tasks and purposes! The muscular system has voluntary muscles and involuntary muscles in it too. It helps you to digest food and to do a push up! The muscular system has so many crucial muscles that help you to do your everyday lives! And did you know that some muscles can do things by their own! And theres plenty more where that came from!! Read on to find out! The muscular system is very interesting and so intriguing and I hope that you will enjoy it!!
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The muscular system purpose is to keep your posture and to help you run and play and to be active. Like your biceps or triceps! There are three main muscles in your body like smooth muscles, cardiac, and skeletal muscles. Your muscles are connected to your bones by a tough tissue called tendons and when you want to move the force of the movement signals the tendon. It uses it force to to your muscle or joint. So it sends signals to your muscles to move through your tendons! When it works all together it is called the musculoskeletal system it sends a signal to it from the brain through the spinal cord and into the muscles. Furthermore some type of muscles are voluntary muscles and they are the ones that you can control over like doing push ups. Or eating a sandwhich or running your doing it voluntary. Another muscle is skeletal muscles and they are straight and they are connected to the bones. There fibers are a color of light and dark bands. Skeletal muscles contract and relax by the skeletal muscles are each connected and they are held by tendons too. Skeletal muscles are covered with a hard layer so these various tissues work to protect the skeletal muscle. Your skeletal muscles need tendons because they hold them together. Tendons are cords of tough tissue that connects bone to muscle. They are so well attached that they can contract too. Some examples are biceps and triceps. Your biceps and triceps are the two muscles at the top of your arm. Your biceps flex the arm like picking up a box or rotating your forearm. And the triceps work out your back muscles to extend your shoulder like when you push up or push something like a door.
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Another part of the muscles is the Involuntary Muscles. Involuntary muscles don’t need any brain or signal to do what they're supposed to do. They do it naturally. Like blinking or breathing. Like your heart pumping blood or digesting food by swallowing it, you do it naturally like shivering from the cold or screaming from being scared, thats an involuntary muscle. Some involuntary muscles are your cardiac muscles, cardiac muscles are only found in your heart and they pump blood for your body automatically. A type of tissue that is only found in the heart one of the tissues are the smooth muscle and that muscle moves the internal organs like bowels. And the other tissue is the skeletal muscle which powers joints. Another fact is that it has bands with a dark and light color which is similar to the skeletal muscle but narrower and is much shorter than the skeletal muscles band. Another involuntary muscle is smooth muscles and they are found in the heart too like I said before how it moves the internal organs like bowels or vessels.Smooth muscles have a very important job in your body for contracting hollow organs, smooth muscles are much stronger to contract. Additionally your digestive system have a lot of involuntary muscles in it. The smooth muscles are also found in the digestive system. They perform a variety of crucial tasks. Like contracting bowels and vessels. Therefore smooth muscles have the ability to contract and hold longer in your stomach too!
Conclusion:
Therefore now that you learned that all the important facts and descriptions you now or might not know that the muscular system is very intriguing! And very cool too! For the next session the Circulatory system is next and I hope that you will enjoy it! And I also hoped that you enjoyed this system!!
Circulatory System:
Introduction:
The circulatory system has many important jobs and tasks to keep our body healthy! It’s main job is to transport materials throughout our entire body to keep us healthy. It supplies us with nutrients, water, and oxygen to keep us alive and moving. It’s kind of like a train in our body. The circulatory system is made up of heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries! Our body has two circulatory system, one is a short loop is connected from the lungs to the heart and back again and two, to send blood from the heart throughout our body and back again. As you can see our circulatory system is full of many interesting tasks and jobs to do that help us so much!
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Blood plays a huge part in our body. Blood is a mix of plasma and watery liquid. And it travels through our body to supply materials and essential nutrients for our body! Blood can carry out waste too, it can carry out urine or carbon dioxide from the lungs and feces. And blood also has clotting agents in it too. Blood also contains White and red blood cells. White blood cells can be found everywhere but mostly in the immune system. White blood cells fight against bacteria in your body. White blood cells move through our bloodstream to fight abnormal cells for example it could fight cancer cells. Additionally red blood cells are also important too! Did you know that some people refer to it as RBC’s and another name for it is erythrocytes. They are slightly indented like disks. They contain abundant cells. Another important part of your circulatory system is called platelets are involved in the clotting of your blood. Platelets are involved of clotting in the blood. When we bleed the platelets start to stick together like glue to stop the bleeding forming a scab when it is exposed to air. Plasma is kind of a yellowish liquid that carries nutrients or hormones and protein throughout the body. It is most typically made of water which is absorbed from the intestines when you drink or eat including the liver it would supply important protein. That is how exciting and complex and interesting our body is!
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We know that blood is very important but blood vessels are so important too! Blood vessels transport blood throughout our whole body! They carry blood and essential nutrients throughout our whole body like capillaries! Another part of the circulatory system that helps with our blood vessels are arteries. Now arteries they help us with carrying blood away from the heart, it is kind of like a highway full of blood vessels. Also there is veins, now veins they are like a elastic blood vessel that transport blood throughout your entire body. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood to the heart. But they are much less muscular than arteries. Capillaries are very tiny blood vessels that bring back blood to the veins. Capillaries are very tiny there about 10 micrometers in diameter. Additionally capillaries have walls that are thin that allow materials to pass through it. Different kinds of them exist and help us to do different functions throughout our entire body.
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Now our circulatory system absolutely needs our heart. Now our heart sends blood throughout our entire body supplying it with nutrients, oxygen, and materials to help it to function better. Your heart is like a pump but actually two pumps in one. One part (the right side) receives blood then send it to the lungs and the other side which is the left side, it receives blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the entire body. In your heart you have four chambers now the four chambers are with two atria’s and two ventricles. They have two upper atria’s and and two lower ventricles the atria are connected to the ventricles but they are separated by the coronary sulcus. Part of the four chambers is the left atrium, now the left atrium is on the upper right chamber of your heart and receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and then pumps it right down to the left ventricle which pumps it out to the body. The left atrium also gets the most blood supply from the left circumflex coronary artery. There is also the left ventricle of the heart and it is located in the bottom left portion of the heart it is also the thickest of all the four chambers. The right atrium is also interesting it receives blood from the heart and pumps it out to the lungs to be oxygenated. The right ventricle it receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and delivers it to the lower pressure of the lungs.
Conclusion:
Now that you have learned so many interesting facts about the circulatory system you will now know what it does and how it does it! As you can see it is so amazing and fascinating to read and write about! I am now intrigued by this system and I’m hoping to feel the same reaction in the respiratory system!
Respiratory System:
Introduction:
Is to supply oxygen throughout our entire body! A human being need the constant flow of oxygen to breathe throughout their body to stay alive. It also gets rid of carbon dioxide. Your respiratory system is like a highway or train track but instead they supply nutrients, oxygen, and get rid of carbon dioxide!
There are so
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One of the main ways that air enters our body is through our mouth or nose. It is kind of like a hollow cavity that allows food and air to enter our body. It passes through specialized cells than the brain recognizes the scent. Then the air goes through the nasal passage there are moist linings that are like sticky mucus mouse traps that traps the bacteria. Then the tiny beating hairs called cilia pushes the mucus towards the throat then to be swallowed. The mucus also warms and moistens the air around us. The epiglottis is a flap made up out of elastic cartilage during breathing it lies completely with the larynx then then when you swallow it serves with the pharynx. The larynx as known as the voice box is a short airway that connects the laryngopharynx to the trachea. There is also the vocal cords now the vocal cords form a V inside the larynx. When we talk the coal cords tighten air from the lungs are forced between them and make them vibrate which is the sound of our voice. There is also the voice box is a tube shaped organ in the neck thats where when the air goes through and vibrates to make the sound which goes through your lips and teeth and mouth to talk and say words.
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The respiratory absolutely needs it’s trachea which is also known as the windpipe. The trachea divides into two tubes to go into our lungs. It gets wider and longer whenever you breathe in and it returns to it’s normal size when you exhale. It moves air into your body by your muscles which the diaphragm goes up and down. That is when your chest inhales and exhales. When it contracts it forces air out of the lungs. Lungs are now like large spongy organs that take in oxygen to survive. Additionally the lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide. It provides us the good to talk laugh sing etc. When a person breathes in the air goes down the trachea and goes into the bronchial tubes which is connected to the lungs and out again. Then are sensitive when it comes to smoke or dust etc. Then there comes the bronchi and now the bronchi is when the air goes down the windpipe and into the bronchial tubes they get smaller and smaller like a tree with branches and those are called the bronchioles and the get air into the lungs. Bronchioles are very small those guys are at the end of the bronchi like the tip of the tree and they are also connected to the alveoli. Then there ar the Alveolus and the Alveoli, now they They are the function of gas exchange in your body. They are found in small clusters at the end of the bronchioles. Alveolar fluid is extremely important for your body because it moistens the inside of your lungs. Gas exchange the lung provide a oxygen flow throughout your body. They are like airways going through your body and back again.
Conclusion:
Now that you learned how your respiratory system is so amazing. And how similar like a railroad system that it supplies all of your needs and I hope that you have learned how important it is and to keep it healthy. And how it helps us in our everyday lives! The next system which is the digestive system is equally important! It supports us with nutrients and does many special things to help us.
Digestive System:
Introduction:
The main part of the Digestive System is to break down food into smaller bits so you can digest it. So then it can help us to build up energy in your body! It helps you to also break down food. It has so many part and organs that help you digest food and to get rid of waste.
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One part of your Digestive System is your mouth. The mouth plays a special role in your Digestive System. It is also the beginning of the Digestive System. The chewing breaks down the food with your saliva. The teeth tear and grind food when it is churned throughout movements. This is called mechanical digestion. It is breaking down food into smaller particles. Your saliva helps you with your chemical digestion. Chemical digestion helps you break down food in your mouth and into simpler nutrients that can be used by your cells. Chemical digestion breaks down the food and breaks it down so you can then digest it. It contracts it and digests it. There is also your tongue, and even though that your tongue is a muscle but it plays a huge role in the Digestive System. The muscles in the back of your tongue help you sound out words like “k” or “g” or even the letter “e”. If you say them slowly you can feel it in the back of your tongue. Once the saliva does it’s job the muscles in your tongue pushes it down through your esophagus then to be digested. The esophagus is a muscular tube that transports food and liquid down to your stomach. The layers that form it pinch together at both ends to prevent the stomach pushing liquid or food back up again. Then there is your stomach and it stores nutrients and keep them there for a while like ice cream churning inside. There is also enzymes and they help your stomach with chopping food up or Digesting like a sandwich. Additionally there is your peristalsis and it’s role for the Digestive System is to contract and thats where it takes place obviously in your Digestive System. The contractions are very common like linking the kidney to the bladder. This is an involuntary process. It is also in your esophagus. These parts of your Digestive System help you to do your day to day activities.
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There is also protein in certain parts of your Digestive System. Your Digestive juices help you to break down food, it includes saliva and gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile, and intestinal juice. There is also chyme now that they are a digested mass of food then it is forced into the small intestine. It is countered by bile helping further to digest food. Chyme is part liquid and part mass. It is because the stomach breaks the down the food. The small intestine is very long and it absorbs 90% of nutrients in your body when you digest liquid and food. It is called the small intestine because it’s only a 1 inch diameter which is half the size of the large intestine. But the large intestine is half the size of the small intestine. The villi helps the small intestine absorb nutrients. Villi’s are parts that absorb nutrients and then pass them into the bloodstream. Our digestive system absorbs food like chymes who form a ball of nutrients waiting to be processed. Once they send them down they get wasted. The fat is then absorbed then passed into the bloodstream. The pancreas is a long fat gland and that is low and deep in the belly. It takes control of your blood sugar levels. There is also your pancreatic enzymes. Pancreatic Enzymes play an important role of digestion of food. Your body can’t absorb all of the nutrients and that are in the food so the enzymes break them down which is from you pancreas before they can be absorbed into the blood. Don’t forget your Gallbladder and Liver. It is a large organ in the upper right of your abdomen. It helps you with digestion breaking down blood clots and also helps you break down medicines and alcohol. The liver also makes you bile which is located in the gallbladder. So you can digest fats. Your bile is a fluid which is made and released by the liver and is then stored inside the gallbladder. Bile helps you with digestion. the enzymes fats into fatty acids. There is also your large intestine and that gets the extras from the small intestine then it absorbs mostly all the water and matter then gets rid of the unwanted stuff which is called waste and that is when you poop and pee.Converting food into feces. And absorbing essential vitamins and produced by gut bacteria and then getting water from the feces. And last is your anus. And your anus gets rid of all your unwanted stuff which is from your large intestine. The internal sphincter makes sure that you don’t go to the bathroom when you sleep or eat to. With your Digestive System it can help you with getting rid of waste and getting in nutrients to build you energy!
Conclusion:
Your digestive system helps you do all the vital things and important stuff to help you eat, digest, and get rid of your own waste. Additionally your purpose of the digestive system is breaking down food into smaller feces then absorbing the water and nutrients from your food then put into the bloodstream and the rest of unwanted materials is got rid of or called waste.
Nervous System:
Introduction:
The nervous system is a series of neurons or cells that help you with your senses. It lets you feel and touch things by your brain sending signals down your spinal cord and into your body to do the important everyday tasks. It helps you with controls of your body and to do your own stuff. For example picking up a pencil and writing your name or riding your bike. These are examples of how complex and how hard your nervous system helps you to do your tasks in life.
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Your brain is the command center of your body it has billions of neurons inside of it. Your brain helps you to respond to your senses or signals that are signaled to your brain. There is also three main parts of your brain to help you think. Your neurons inside of your brain keep on working to help you to do your daily life basis and thinking too. One of the main parts of your brain is the cerebrum. Your cerebrum makes up 85% of your brains weight. Your cerebrum is the thinking part of your whole brain and has control over your voluntary muscles, the ones that you move when you want them to. Like when your playing soccer or basketball it helps you with that stuff. You can also use your cerebrum for thinking real hard like on a hard question or doing a test. You keep your memory in your cerebrum like what you learned at school yesterday and long term like when you went on vacation on the beach in Hawaii two years ago. It also helps you with reasoning like I better walk the dog now before he goes bathroom in the house, before I get in trouble. That is why your cerebrum is so important. Additionally, there is your cerebellum which is located in the base of your brain. Your cerebellum receives messages from your sensory system, your spinal cord then sends them to your brain to do activities. Your cerebellum controls voluntary movements such as your posture. Next there is your medulla or brainstem. It helps function our involuntary movements. Your medulla also regulates your blood pressure and breathing. As the brain stem itself it helps send messages from the spinal cord into your brain.
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There are tons and tons of neurons in your body. They are also microscopic so it is kind of impossible to see them. Each neuron has tiny branches at the end of it which connects to other neurons. When you learn these neurons sends messages to each other creating than passages and then after a while it becomes much easier when you do it again. There are many different types of nerves for example there is your sensory nerves. They get information from your skin and muscles then send them to your spinal cord to you brain. For example if you have an itch that’s what it would do. That information now sent it is processed then done. Also there is your Motor nerves. Your motor nerves control your movements and actions like riding a bike or throwing a football. They send those messages from your spinal cord then to your brain. After they receive the messages they send it back down the spine then to your muscles. Your spine has a column of 33 bones. They stack up on eachother like legos. They start from the base of your skull down to your tailbone. Most vertebrae act as a shock when they get a signal. Your spinal cord is one of the main structure to support movement. Your spinal cord allows information sent from the body to your brain. There is also the neuron or neurons. It is a nerve cell and is part of a building block of our brain to receive messages. Neurons are special at transmitting information throughout the entire body. They are responsible for communicating information chemical and electrical. There is also your synapses. And they are a small gap at the end of every neuron. There jobs allow information pass from one cell to the next. Further more there is your dendrites. Your dendrites are important in cell. They are also known as the soma and they pick up information from our neuron neighbors It is kind of like when you’re feeling the softness of a jacket. Addition to our cells there are axons. Axons are elongated fiber that extends from your cell body to the terminal ending to transmit neural signals. The larger the axon is, the faster it transfer information. Some axons are covered with a fat substance called myelin that acts an insulator to it. This transfer information faster that some other neurons.
Conclusion:
Our body system is so interesting! Your brain is one of the main system in your body that is one of the most important! The brain keeps on growing and growing like a sponge using knowledge as it’s fuel or power. It helps us feel and have motions and to move to do our everyday activities. Without it it would be hard to do your daily basis life. And that’s how important your brain is.
Conclusion to the Human Body Research Paper:
As you can see, the human body is a complicated, unique machine that does so many important things. Not only does it help you live, but it also helps you move, think, breathe, feel, and communicate! Can you possibly imagine what life would be like if we were missing even one of these important systems? If not, maybe a few of these valuable concepts will help you understand better:
Now you have read all about our human body and how it works 24/7 for us. I hope that you learned a lot and that you can apply some of this information to your everyday life.
Bibliography:
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The human body has six main systems and is a complex machine that is constantly working to keep us alive. Although each system has its own unique jobs to do, they synergize to keep us healthy and active.
The skeletal system is responsible for giving us support, structure, and protection and works together with the muscular system to move our body. Our muscles pull our bones, which allows us to move, jump, and run! The muscular system actually plays an important role in delivering oxygen to our body’s cells. Without the heart, one of our most important muscles, blood wouldn’t be able to travel around our body! Luckily for us, the blood travels through our lungs, where it drops off carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen that our cells are craving. Speaking of craving, did you ever know that the main purpose of our digestive system isn’t just to digest food? It’s job is actually to take nutrients and water out of what we eat and drink and then deliver it to the circulatory system where it gets delivered to the cells in our body. But none of these systems would work without the direction of our nervous system!
Now let’s get right into it with the skeletal system, where you’ll learn how our bones help us move and protect our organs.
Skeletal System:
Introduction:
The skeletal system has several important jobs to do in our body. It is responsible for creating blood cells, providing our body with support and structure, and enabling us to move. We have several bones that are responsible for protecting our organs like the ribs protect our heart and lungs, and the skull protects our brain! Bones cannot move unless joined together at joints. Ligaments connect our bones together and cartilage prevents them from rubbing together which would be painful! We are so lucky to have strong, powerful, yet moveable bones in our body!
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The bones in our body are made up of four distinct layers. Each of these layers has important responsibilities and are vital to our day-to-day life. The outer layer of bone is called compact bone. Compact bone is solid throughout and enables our body to be supported. Compact bone is so dense that surgeon’s need to use a saw to cut through it. The next layer of bone is called spongy bone and it is lightweight and porous, which prevents our bones from getting too heavy, but still be strong. It makes up about 20% of our skeleton, and it’s found mostly in long bones, joints, and in our spine. The center of many bones are filled with a gelatinous substance called bone marrow. Bone marrow is responsible for creating red blood cells and some of our white blood cells. Bone marrow also makes platelets for our circulatory system. In addition, bone marrow stores iron for when our body needs it. We have two different types of bone marrow: yellow and red. We are born with red marrow, but it slowly changes to yellow over time. Finally, the outermost part of bone is covered in periosteum, a thin, fibrous membrane that covers all bones. The membrane is responsible for helping to create new bone in children and does the same when adults sustain an injury. The periosteum is the site at which ligaments, tendons, and muscles attach to bone! It also contains the blood vessels that allow nutrients and oxygen to the get to the bones! Knowing the four layers of bones can help us to understand just how complex our human body really is!
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Now that you just learned about what’s inside our bones and what they do you are now going to learn about the joints in our body and what they do.There are so many joints in your body and a in this paragraph were going to name what are the different joints and what they do for our body. A joint is in an human or animal body where a skeleton is fitted together. It’s kind of like a structure that holds parts of your bone together to help you move around and jump. There are so many joints in your body and a in this paragraph were going to name what are the different joints and what they do for our body. Cartilage is an important part of your body and it is a firm tissue but soft yet more flexible than a bone. Cartilage is made up of cells called chondrocytes. There are no blood vessels in cartilage to supply the chondrocytes with nutrients for your body to be healthy. A ligament is a short band of tough, flexible, fibrous connective tissue which connects two bones or holds a joint together. Ligaments are a membranous fold that supports an organ and keeps it in position so it won’t move around and keeps the bone together. Gliding joints are Gliding joints allow the bones to glide past one another in any direction along the plane of the joint – up and down, left and right, and diagonally you do this all the time to move your body. Sliding joints are formed in the appendicular skeleton between like the carpal bones of the wrist, between the carpals and the metacarpals of the palm also between the tarsal bones of the ankle and between the tarsals
and the metatarsals of the foot as you can see gliding joints or sliding joints form between bones to help you bend and do different things. A hinge joint connects the ankle elbow and knee joints. Hinge joints are formed between two or more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to flex or extend in different places. A pivot joint is also known as a rotary joint it rotates on the axis on another bone. Ball and socket joints are usually found in the shoulder and the hip, the muscles join together to allow circular movement. As you can see there is many joints and other pieces that help them or go in them to help and they do so much for our body!
Conclusion:
As you can see the skeletal system has many important jobs to do! It allows us to stand straight up, move our body around and protects our most important organs. However, the skeletal system can’t move our body by itself. It needs the help of our muscular system as well.
Muscular System:
Introduction:
The muscular system has many important tasks and purposes! The muscular system has voluntary muscles and involuntary muscles in it too. It helps you to digest food and to do a push up! The muscular system has so many crucial muscles that help you to do your everyday lives! And did you know that some muscles can do things by their own! And theres plenty more where that came from!! Read on to find out! The muscular system is very interesting and so intriguing and I hope that you will enjoy it!!
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The muscular system purpose is to keep your posture and to help you run and play and to be active. Like your biceps or triceps! There are three main muscles in your body like smooth muscles, cardiac, and skeletal muscles. Your muscles are connected to your bones by a tough tissue called tendons and when you want to move the force of the movement signals the tendon. It uses it force to to your muscle or joint. So it sends signals to your muscles to move through your tendons! When it works all together it is called the musculoskeletal system it sends a signal to it from the brain through the spinal cord and into the muscles. Furthermore some type of muscles are voluntary muscles and they are the ones that you can control over like doing push ups. Or eating a sandwhich or running your doing it voluntary. Another muscle is skeletal muscles and they are straight and they are connected to the bones. There fibers are a color of light and dark bands. Skeletal muscles contract and relax by the skeletal muscles are each connected and they are held by tendons too. Skeletal muscles are covered with a hard layer so these various tissues work to protect the skeletal muscle. Your skeletal muscles need tendons because they hold them together. Tendons are cords of tough tissue that connects bone to muscle. They are so well attached that they can contract too. Some examples are biceps and triceps. Your biceps and triceps are the two muscles at the top of your arm. Your biceps flex the arm like picking up a box or rotating your forearm. And the triceps work out your back muscles to extend your shoulder like when you push up or push something like a door.
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Another part of the muscles is the Involuntary Muscles. Involuntary muscles don’t need any brain or signal to do what they're supposed to do. They do it naturally. Like blinking or breathing. Like your heart pumping blood or digesting food by swallowing it, you do it naturally like shivering from the cold or screaming from being scared, thats an involuntary muscle. Some involuntary muscles are your cardiac muscles, cardiac muscles are only found in your heart and they pump blood for your body automatically. A type of tissue that is only found in the heart one of the tissues are the smooth muscle and that muscle moves the internal organs like bowels. And the other tissue is the skeletal muscle which powers joints. Another fact is that it has bands with a dark and light color which is similar to the skeletal muscle but narrower and is much shorter than the skeletal muscles band. Another involuntary muscle is smooth muscles and they are found in the heart too like I said before how it moves the internal organs like bowels or vessels.Smooth muscles have a very important job in your body for contracting hollow organs, smooth muscles are much stronger to contract. Additionally your digestive system have a lot of involuntary muscles in it. The smooth muscles are also found in the digestive system. They perform a variety of crucial tasks. Like contracting bowels and vessels. Therefore smooth muscles have the ability to contract and hold longer in your stomach too!
Conclusion:
Therefore now that you learned that all the important facts and descriptions you now or might not know that the muscular system is very intriguing! And very cool too! For the next session the Circulatory system is next and I hope that you will enjoy it! And I also hoped that you enjoyed this system!!
Circulatory System:
Introduction:
The circulatory system has many important jobs and tasks to keep our body healthy! It’s main job is to transport materials throughout our entire body to keep us healthy. It supplies us with nutrients, water, and oxygen to keep us alive and moving. It’s kind of like a train in our body. The circulatory system is made up of heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries! Our body has two circulatory system, one is a short loop is connected from the lungs to the heart and back again and two, to send blood from the heart throughout our body and back again. As you can see our circulatory system is full of many interesting tasks and jobs to do that help us so much!
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Blood plays a huge part in our body. Blood is a mix of plasma and watery liquid. And it travels through our body to supply materials and essential nutrients for our body! Blood can carry out waste too, it can carry out urine or carbon dioxide from the lungs and feces. And blood also has clotting agents in it too. Blood also contains White and red blood cells. White blood cells can be found everywhere but mostly in the immune system. White blood cells fight against bacteria in your body. White blood cells move through our bloodstream to fight abnormal cells for example it could fight cancer cells. Additionally red blood cells are also important too! Did you know that some people refer to it as RBC’s and another name for it is erythrocytes. They are slightly indented like disks. They contain abundant cells. Another important part of your circulatory system is called platelets are involved in the clotting of your blood. Platelets are involved of clotting in the blood. When we bleed the platelets start to stick together like glue to stop the bleeding forming a scab when it is exposed to air. Plasma is kind of a yellowish liquid that carries nutrients or hormones and protein throughout the body. It is most typically made of water which is absorbed from the intestines when you drink or eat including the liver it would supply important protein. That is how exciting and complex and interesting our body is!
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We know that blood is very important but blood vessels are so important too! Blood vessels transport blood throughout our whole body! They carry blood and essential nutrients throughout our whole body like capillaries! Another part of the circulatory system that helps with our blood vessels are arteries. Now arteries they help us with carrying blood away from the heart, it is kind of like a highway full of blood vessels. Also there is veins, now veins they are like a elastic blood vessel that transport blood throughout your entire body. Veins are blood vessels that carry blood to the heart. But they are much less muscular than arteries. Capillaries are very tiny blood vessels that bring back blood to the veins. Capillaries are very tiny there about 10 micrometers in diameter. Additionally capillaries have walls that are thin that allow materials to pass through it. Different kinds of them exist and help us to do different functions throughout our entire body.
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Now our circulatory system absolutely needs our heart. Now our heart sends blood throughout our entire body supplying it with nutrients, oxygen, and materials to help it to function better. Your heart is like a pump but actually two pumps in one. One part (the right side) receives blood then send it to the lungs and the other side which is the left side, it receives blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the entire body. In your heart you have four chambers now the four chambers are with two atria’s and two ventricles. They have two upper atria’s and and two lower ventricles the atria are connected to the ventricles but they are separated by the coronary sulcus. Part of the four chambers is the left atrium, now the left atrium is on the upper right chamber of your heart and receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and then pumps it right down to the left ventricle which pumps it out to the body. The left atrium also gets the most blood supply from the left circumflex coronary artery. There is also the left ventricle of the heart and it is located in the bottom left portion of the heart it is also the thickest of all the four chambers. The right atrium is also interesting it receives blood from the heart and pumps it out to the lungs to be oxygenated. The right ventricle it receives deoxygenated blood from the right atrium and delivers it to the lower pressure of the lungs.
Conclusion:
Now that you have learned so many interesting facts about the circulatory system you will now know what it does and how it does it! As you can see it is so amazing and fascinating to read and write about! I am now intrigued by this system and I’m hoping to feel the same reaction in the respiratory system!
Respiratory System:
Introduction:
Is to supply oxygen throughout our entire body! A human being need the constant flow of oxygen to breathe throughout their body to stay alive. It also gets rid of carbon dioxide. Your respiratory system is like a highway or train track but instead they supply nutrients, oxygen, and get rid of carbon dioxide!
There are so
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One of the main ways that air enters our body is through our mouth or nose. It is kind of like a hollow cavity that allows food and air to enter our body. It passes through specialized cells than the brain recognizes the scent. Then the air goes through the nasal passage there are moist linings that are like sticky mucus mouse traps that traps the bacteria. Then the tiny beating hairs called cilia pushes the mucus towards the throat then to be swallowed. The mucus also warms and moistens the air around us. The epiglottis is a flap made up out of elastic cartilage during breathing it lies completely with the larynx then then when you swallow it serves with the pharynx. The larynx as known as the voice box is a short airway that connects the laryngopharynx to the trachea. There is also the vocal cords now the vocal cords form a V inside the larynx. When we talk the coal cords tighten air from the lungs are forced between them and make them vibrate which is the sound of our voice. There is also the voice box is a tube shaped organ in the neck thats where when the air goes through and vibrates to make the sound which goes through your lips and teeth and mouth to talk and say words.
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The respiratory absolutely needs it’s trachea which is also known as the windpipe. The trachea divides into two tubes to go into our lungs. It gets wider and longer whenever you breathe in and it returns to it’s normal size when you exhale. It moves air into your body by your muscles which the diaphragm goes up and down. That is when your chest inhales and exhales. When it contracts it forces air out of the lungs. Lungs are now like large spongy organs that take in oxygen to survive. Additionally the lungs also get rid of carbon dioxide. It provides us the good to talk laugh sing etc. When a person breathes in the air goes down the trachea and goes into the bronchial tubes which is connected to the lungs and out again. Then are sensitive when it comes to smoke or dust etc. Then there comes the bronchi and now the bronchi is when the air goes down the windpipe and into the bronchial tubes they get smaller and smaller like a tree with branches and those are called the bronchioles and the get air into the lungs. Bronchioles are very small those guys are at the end of the bronchi like the tip of the tree and they are also connected to the alveoli. Then there ar the Alveolus and the Alveoli, now they They are the function of gas exchange in your body. They are found in small clusters at the end of the bronchioles. Alveolar fluid is extremely important for your body because it moistens the inside of your lungs. Gas exchange the lung provide a oxygen flow throughout your body. They are like airways going through your body and back again.
Conclusion:
Now that you learned how your respiratory system is so amazing. And how similar like a railroad system that it supplies all of your needs and I hope that you have learned how important it is and to keep it healthy. And how it helps us in our everyday lives! The next system which is the digestive system is equally important! It supports us with nutrients and does many special things to help us.
Digestive System:
Introduction:
The main part of the Digestive System is to break down food into smaller bits so you can digest it. So then it can help us to build up energy in your body! It helps you to also break down food. It has so many part and organs that help you digest food and to get rid of waste.
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One part of your Digestive System is your mouth. The mouth plays a special role in your Digestive System. It is also the beginning of the Digestive System. The chewing breaks down the food with your saliva. The teeth tear and grind food when it is churned throughout movements. This is called mechanical digestion. It is breaking down food into smaller particles. Your saliva helps you with your chemical digestion. Chemical digestion helps you break down food in your mouth and into simpler nutrients that can be used by your cells. Chemical digestion breaks down the food and breaks it down so you can then digest it. It contracts it and digests it. There is also your tongue, and even though that your tongue is a muscle but it plays a huge role in the Digestive System. The muscles in the back of your tongue help you sound out words like “k” or “g” or even the letter “e”. If you say them slowly you can feel it in the back of your tongue. Once the saliva does it’s job the muscles in your tongue pushes it down through your esophagus then to be digested. The esophagus is a muscular tube that transports food and liquid down to your stomach. The layers that form it pinch together at both ends to prevent the stomach pushing liquid or food back up again. Then there is your stomach and it stores nutrients and keep them there for a while like ice cream churning inside. There is also enzymes and they help your stomach with chopping food up or Digesting like a sandwich. Additionally there is your peristalsis and it’s role for the Digestive System is to contract and thats where it takes place obviously in your Digestive System. The contractions are very common like linking the kidney to the bladder. This is an involuntary process. It is also in your esophagus. These parts of your Digestive System help you to do your day to day activities.
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There is also protein in certain parts of your Digestive System. Your Digestive juices help you to break down food, it includes saliva and gastric juice, pancreatic juice, bile, and intestinal juice. There is also chyme now that they are a digested mass of food then it is forced into the small intestine. It is countered by bile helping further to digest food. Chyme is part liquid and part mass. It is because the stomach breaks the down the food. The small intestine is very long and it absorbs 90% of nutrients in your body when you digest liquid and food. It is called the small intestine because it’s only a 1 inch diameter which is half the size of the large intestine. But the large intestine is half the size of the small intestine. The villi helps the small intestine absorb nutrients. Villi’s are parts that absorb nutrients and then pass them into the bloodstream. Our digestive system absorbs food like chymes who form a ball of nutrients waiting to be processed. Once they send them down they get wasted. The fat is then absorbed then passed into the bloodstream. The pancreas is a long fat gland and that is low and deep in the belly. It takes control of your blood sugar levels. There is also your pancreatic enzymes. Pancreatic Enzymes play an important role of digestion of food. Your body can’t absorb all of the nutrients and that are in the food so the enzymes break them down which is from you pancreas before they can be absorbed into the blood. Don’t forget your Gallbladder and Liver. It is a large organ in the upper right of your abdomen. It helps you with digestion breaking down blood clots and also helps you break down medicines and alcohol. The liver also makes you bile which is located in the gallbladder. So you can digest fats. Your bile is a fluid which is made and released by the liver and is then stored inside the gallbladder. Bile helps you with digestion. the enzymes fats into fatty acids. There is also your large intestine and that gets the extras from the small intestine then it absorbs mostly all the water and matter then gets rid of the unwanted stuff which is called waste and that is when you poop and pee.Converting food into feces. And absorbing essential vitamins and produced by gut bacteria and then getting water from the feces. And last is your anus. And your anus gets rid of all your unwanted stuff which is from your large intestine. The internal sphincter makes sure that you don’t go to the bathroom when you sleep or eat to. With your Digestive System it can help you with getting rid of waste and getting in nutrients to build you energy!
Conclusion:
Your digestive system helps you do all the vital things and important stuff to help you eat, digest, and get rid of your own waste. Additionally your purpose of the digestive system is breaking down food into smaller feces then absorbing the water and nutrients from your food then put into the bloodstream and the rest of unwanted materials is got rid of or called waste.
Nervous System:
Introduction:
The nervous system is a series of neurons or cells that help you with your senses. It lets you feel and touch things by your brain sending signals down your spinal cord and into your body to do the important everyday tasks. It helps you with controls of your body and to do your own stuff. For example picking up a pencil and writing your name or riding your bike. These are examples of how complex and how hard your nervous system helps you to do your tasks in life.
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Your brain is the command center of your body it has billions of neurons inside of it. Your brain helps you to respond to your senses or signals that are signaled to your brain. There is also three main parts of your brain to help you think. Your neurons inside of your brain keep on working to help you to do your daily life basis and thinking too. One of the main parts of your brain is the cerebrum. Your cerebrum makes up 85% of your brains weight. Your cerebrum is the thinking part of your whole brain and has control over your voluntary muscles, the ones that you move when you want them to. Like when your playing soccer or basketball it helps you with that stuff. You can also use your cerebrum for thinking real hard like on a hard question or doing a test. You keep your memory in your cerebrum like what you learned at school yesterday and long term like when you went on vacation on the beach in Hawaii two years ago. It also helps you with reasoning like I better walk the dog now before he goes bathroom in the house, before I get in trouble. That is why your cerebrum is so important. Additionally, there is your cerebellum which is located in the base of your brain. Your cerebellum receives messages from your sensory system, your spinal cord then sends them to your brain to do activities. Your cerebellum controls voluntary movements such as your posture. Next there is your medulla or brainstem. It helps function our involuntary movements. Your medulla also regulates your blood pressure and breathing. As the brain stem itself it helps send messages from the spinal cord into your brain.
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There are tons and tons of neurons in your body. They are also microscopic so it is kind of impossible to see them. Each neuron has tiny branches at the end of it which connects to other neurons. When you learn these neurons sends messages to each other creating than passages and then after a while it becomes much easier when you do it again. There are many different types of nerves for example there is your sensory nerves. They get information from your skin and muscles then send them to your spinal cord to you brain. For example if you have an itch that’s what it would do. That information now sent it is processed then done. Also there is your Motor nerves. Your motor nerves control your movements and actions like riding a bike or throwing a football. They send those messages from your spinal cord then to your brain. After they receive the messages they send it back down the spine then to your muscles. Your spine has a column of 33 bones. They stack up on eachother like legos. They start from the base of your skull down to your tailbone. Most vertebrae act as a shock when they get a signal. Your spinal cord is one of the main structure to support movement. Your spinal cord allows information sent from the body to your brain. There is also the neuron or neurons. It is a nerve cell and is part of a building block of our brain to receive messages. Neurons are special at transmitting information throughout the entire body. They are responsible for communicating information chemical and electrical. There is also your synapses. And they are a small gap at the end of every neuron. There jobs allow information pass from one cell to the next. Further more there is your dendrites. Your dendrites are important in cell. They are also known as the soma and they pick up information from our neuron neighbors It is kind of like when you’re feeling the softness of a jacket. Addition to our cells there are axons. Axons are elongated fiber that extends from your cell body to the terminal ending to transmit neural signals. The larger the axon is, the faster it transfer information. Some axons are covered with a fat substance called myelin that acts an insulator to it. This transfer information faster that some other neurons.
Conclusion:
Our body system is so interesting! Your brain is one of the main system in your body that is one of the most important! The brain keeps on growing and growing like a sponge using knowledge as it’s fuel or power. It helps us feel and have motions and to move to do our everyday activities. Without it it would be hard to do your daily basis life. And that’s how important your brain is.
Conclusion to the Human Body Research Paper:
As you can see, the human body is a complicated, unique machine that does so many important things. Not only does it help you live, but it also helps you move, think, breathe, feel, and communicate! Can you possibly imagine what life would be like if we were missing even one of these important systems? If not, maybe a few of these valuable concepts will help you understand better:
- The bones in our body support and protect, while our muscles pull but never push!
- In addition, our blood delivers oxygen and nutrients to our cells, while the alveoli in our lungs exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen.
- Finally, our digestive system is responsible for extracting important nutrients and water from what we eat and drink, but we’d never be able to do any of these things without our amazing nervous system!
Now you have read all about our human body and how it works 24/7 for us. I hope that you learned a lot and that you can apply some of this information to your everyday life.
Bibliography:
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